Study of growth, yield and essential oil composition in two medicinal species, Nepeta kotschyi var. persica and N. glomerulosa

Document Type : Full Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran

2 Professor, Medicinal Plants and By-products Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Medicinal Plants and By-products Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

4 Assistant Professor and Researcher, Research Division of Natural Resources, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Two species of Nepeta genus, N. kotschyi var. persica and N. glomerulosa, are native medicinal plants of Iran, containing medicinal compositions such as Nepetalactones. This study was conducted for plant domestication under field condition during years 2017 and 2018. The experiment was carried out under completely randomized block design with three replications. Morphological and yield traits besides essential oil content and composition were measured. Results showed that total fresh and dry weight in N. kotshyi (9954 and 3152 kg ha-1, respectively), were higher than N. glomerulosa (2858 and 990 kg ha-1, respectively). Essential oil content and yield in N. kotschyi were 2.12% and 48.35 kg ha-1, respectively, while these traits in N. glomerulosa were 1.42% and 7.39 kg ha-1, respectively. Essential oil composition analysis determined that the sum of Nepetalactone isomers in N. kotschyi were higher than N. glomerulosa, 94.57% and 38.68%, respectively. On the whole, according to the aerial parts and essential oil yield, and Nepetalactone content in the oil, the N. kotschyi var. persica showed the higher performance, though, in order to produce Nepetalactone for medicinal industries, N. kotschyi var. persica cultivation is recommended under similar field condition.

Keywords

Main Subjects


  1. Abaszadeh, B., Rezaei, M.B., Ardekani, M. R. & Baseri, R. (2008). Investigation of morphological traits and aerial part yield of Mentha species collected from different regions. Agricultural Research Letter, 1(1), 41-51.
  2. Abaszadeh, B., Rezaiee, M. B. & Paknejad, F. (2011). Evaluation relationship between essential oil yield and some agriculture characters by using of path analysis of two ecotypes of Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds. Var. amphilema L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 27(1), 41-51. (in Farsi)
  3. Akhshi, S., Shafaghat, A. & Salehzadeh, J. (2014). Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil the leaf of Nepeta persica. Leonardo Journal of Sciences, 25, 131-138.
  4. Asgarpanah, J., Sarabian, S. & Ziarati, P. (2013). Essential oil of Nepeta genus (Lamiaceae) from Iran: a review. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 26(1), 1-12.
  5. Bahrami, M., Alizadeh, M. A. & Nasiri, M. (2018). Evaluation of morphological traits, shoot yields and essential oil yield of some populations of three species of Nepeta. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 34, 206-217. (in Farsi)
  6. Bahreininejad, B. (2005). Determination of The Most Appropriate Plant Density, Cutting Frequency and Nitrogen Fertilizer Level for Cynara scolymus L. (Final Report). Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands. 40p.
  7. Bahreininejad, B. (2012). Effects of water deficit on physiological characteristics, growth indices, irrigation water use efficiency and essential oil content and components of Thymus species. Ph.D. Thesis. Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran.
  8. Bahreininejad, B. (2013). Evaluation of Flowering aerial parts and essential oil of Thymus daenensis populations in several climatic condition of Isfahan Province. (Final Report). Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands. 50p.
  9. Baser, K.H.C., Kirimer, N., Kurkcuoglu, M. & Demirci, B. (2000). Essential oil of Nepeta species growing in Turkey, Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 36, 356-359.
  10. Belabda, T., Alaoui, K., Bouidida, H., Cherrah, Y., Taleb, M.S., Arahou, M., Hassikou, R. (2014). Acute toxicity and analgesic action of the essential oil of Nepeta amethystina. International Journal of Universal Pharmacy and Bio Sciences, 3(3), 1-16.
  11. Dabiri, M. & Sefidkon, F. (2003). Chemical composition of Nepeta crassifolia Bioss. & Bush oil from Iran. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 18, 225-227.
  12. Ghannadi, A., Aghazari, F., Mehrabani, M., Mohagheghzadeh, A. & Mehregan, I. (2003). Quantity and composition of the SDE prepared essential oil of Nepeta macrosiphon Bioss. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 103-5. (in Farsi)
  13. Hadi, N., Shojaeiyan, A., Sefidkon, F. & Jafari, A. A. (2018). Quantitative and qualitative study of essential oil in some accessions of Nepeta spp. and determination of essential oil components capability in intra and inter-specific relationships analysis. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 49(3), 601-612.
  14. Hasanvandi, F., Jafari, A. A. & Ahmadi, Sh. (2018). Study of dry matter yield and essential oil percent in three species of Saturja (S. rechingeri, S. khuzestanica and S. mutica) in Khorramabad climatic conditions. Yafteh, 19(5), 1-8. (In Farsi)
  15. Jamzad, Z. (2012). Flora of Iran. No. 76: Lamiaceae. Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands. (In Farsi)
  16. Kalantari, N., Aberoomand Azar, P. & Larijani, K. (2015). Volatile components of Perovskia abrotanoides and Nepeta glomerulosa. from Iran. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 9 (10), 1686-1690.
  17. Khajeh, M., Yamini, Y. & Shariati, Sh. (2010). Comparison of essential oils compositions of obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and steam distillation methods. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 88, 227-232.
  18. Letchamo, W. & Gosselin, A. (1995). Effects of HPS supplemental lighting and soil water levels on growth, essential oil content and composition of two thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) clonal selections. Canadian Jornual of Plant Science, 75, 231-238.
  19. Mirmostafaee, S., Azizi, M., Bahreini, M., Arouiee, H. & Oroojalian, F. (2014). The effects of different drying methods on speed of drying, essential oil and microbial load in peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.). Journal of Plant Production, 20(4), 133-147.
  20. Mozaffarian, V. (2006). A Dictionary of Iranian Plant Names. Farhang Moaser. 671p.
  21. Najafpour-Navaei, M. & Mirza, M. (2017). The investigation of essential oil composition in Nepeta cephalotes Boiss. and Nepeta gloeocephala Rech.f. in dry and wet condition. Eco-Phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants, 5(3), 39-47. (in Farsi)
  22. Nooshkam, A., Majnoun -Hoseini, N., Hadian, J., Jahansooz, M.R., khavazi, K. (2015). Comparision of vegetative yield and essential oil yield if two medicinal plants, Satureja khuzistanica and Satureja rechigeri Jamzad under cultivated condition in Khoozestan and Lorestan, Iran. The Plant Production, 38(2), 77-88. (in Farsi)
  23. Nostro, A., Cannatelli, M.A., Giuseppe, C. & Alonzo, V. (2001). The effect of Nepeta cataria extract on adherence an enzyme production of Staphylococus aureus. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 18, 583-585.
  24. Rechinger, K.H. (1982). Flora Iranika, Akademische Druck-u Verlagsanstalt, Graz.
  25. Sefidkon, F. 2001. Essential oil of Nepeta glomerulosa Boiss. from Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 13(6), 422-423.
  26. Sefidkon, F., Dabiri, M.  & Alamshahi, A. (2002). Analysis of the essential oil of Nepeta fissa C.A. Mey from Iran. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 17, 89-90.
  27. Shafaghat, A. & Oji, K. (2010). Nepetalactone content and antibacterial activity of the essential oils from different parts of Nepeta persica. Natural Product Communications, 5(4), 625-628.
  28. Sharma, A. & Singh Canoo, D. (2013). Phytochemical composition of essential oils isolated from different species of genus Nepeta of Labiatae family: A review. Pharmacophore, 4(6), 181-211.
  29. Tabaei-Aghdaei, S. R., Mahdi Navesi, F., Lebaschi, M.H., Najafi-Ashtiani, A., Sefidkon, F. & Jafari, A.A. (2017). Evaluation of genetic variation of performance in Satureja mutica and S. isophylla under dry farming in Damavand. Iranian Journal of Rangelands Forests Plant Breeding and Genetic Research, 25(1), 72-81. (in Farsi)
  30. Walker, A. J. & Hey, R. K. M. (1989). An Introduction to the Physiology of Crop Yield. John Wiley & Sons Inc.
  31. Yaghmaei, L., Soltani, S. & Khodagholi, M. (2009). Bioclimatic classification of Isfahan province using multivariate statistical methods. International Journal of Climatology, 29, 1850-1861.
  32. Zarezade, A., Sefidkon, F., Tabaei-Aghdaei, S. R., Mirhoseini, A. & Arabzadeh, M. R. (2014). Exploring the yield and yield components of different accessions of Satureja macrantha cultivated in Yazd, Iran. Journal of Herbal Drugs, 6(3), 175-179. (In Farsi)
  33. Zenasni, L., Bouidida, H., Hancali, A., Boudhane, A., Amzal, H., Idrissi, A., Aouad, R., Bakri, Y. & Benjouad, A. (2008). The essentials oils and antimicrobial activity of four Nepeta species from Morocco. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2(5), 111-114.