Document Type : Full Paper
Authors
1
Former MSc student Agricultural Biotechnology of Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran
2
Research Assistant Professor of Olive Research Station of Tarom, Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, Zanjan Agricultural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization
3
Full Professor of Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran
4
Associate Professor Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran
5
Assistant Professor Department of Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran
Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity and the relationship between molecular markers and fruit-related traits in 98 olive genotypes during 2019-2021 at Gonbad kavous University. To evaluate the 19 characteristics of fruit,,150 fruits from each genotype were selected. All the investigated traits among olive genotypes were significant at the 1% probability level, indicating very high genetic diversity among the genotypes. Mean comparisons showed that “Caridolia” and “D1” had superior fruit length and diameter, while 'D1' also excelled in fruit weight, fruit flesh weight, and stone weight. The highest significant positive correlations were observed between fruit length and diameter (0.909*), and between fruit flesh weight and fruit weight (0.994*). Regression analysis indicated that fruit flesh weight and stone weight had the highest correlation with fruit weight at the 1% probability level. Additionally, fruit weight, flesh-to-stone ratio, fruit diameter, and flesh thickness were most related to fruit weight. Genotypes were divided into four groups based on fruit traits, with the third group being superior in traits such as fruit length, stone length, fruit weight, fruit flesh weight, stone weight, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, flesh-to-stone ratio, size of lenticels, and number of grooves. The results of association analysis between CAAT, ScoT, ITS, and IJS markers and various traits revealed that fruit length, fruit symmetry, nipple, stone shape, number of grooves, and stone weight were controlled by multiple alleles. The allele SCoT21-B showed the strongest association with nine traits, followed by the allele IJS9-A with five traits.
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