Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science

Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science

The effect of glayol biochar on some of morphological traits and heavy metals ‎uptake in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv Syaho)‎

Document Type : Full Paper

Authors
Akram Valizadeh ghale beig 1
Seyed Hossein Nemati 2
Hojat Emami 3
Hossein Aroie 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mahshhad, ‎Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mahshhad, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mahshhad, Iran
10.22059/ijhs.2019.281235.1644
Abstract
Biochar is a new environmental technology that can be used to reduce the accumulation of soil contamination. To evaluate the effects of biochar of cutflower glayolon growth characteristics and the accumulation of heavy metals of lead and cadmium in lettuce, a factorial experiment as a completely randomized design with four replications was conducted and amount of glayol biochar at three levels (0, 5, 10 g/kgsoil), cadmium (0, 10, 20 mg/kg soil) and lead (0, 300, 600 mg/kg soil) were tested. The results showed that the highest amount of lettuce traits including leaf area, height, fresh and dry weight of shoot and fresh and dry weight of root were found at the rate of 5 g glayol biochar /kg soil. Increment of glayol biochar levels from 5 to 10 g/kg soil decreased all mentioned traits. Application of 5 g biochar /kg soil of at the highest concentrations of lead and cadmium decreased the concentration of lead and cadmium in the plant (shoot+root) up to 27.38 and 21.87 %. The highest rate of biochar, lead and cadmium reduced growth traits, and increased the uptake of lead and cadmium in plant tissues and their concentrations in soil. In fact, glayol biochar (5g /kg soil), because of high specific surface area, adsorbed lead and cadmium on their surfaces and cause to reduce the absorption of these two elements and improved growth characteristics in lettuce.
Keywords
Agricultural waste
cadmium
cutflower
lead
  1. Al-Wabel, M. I., Usman, R.A., El-Naggar, H., Aly, A., Ibrahim, M., Elmaghraby, S. & Al-Omran, A. (2015). Conocarpus biochar as a soil amendment for reducing heavy metal availability and uptake by maize plants. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 22, 503-511.
  2. Azadi, F., Kasraian, A. & Karimiyan, N. (2014). Effect of soil cadmium contamination on growth indices of spinach and radish. Iranian Journal of Soil Research, 28(3), 522-530. (in Farsi)
  3. Baghaie, A. (2017). Effect of tire rubber ash enriched municipal waste compost on decreasing spinach Cd concentration a case study: Arak municipal waste compost. Iranian Journal of Health and Environment, 10(3), 401-410. (in Farsi)
  4. Baba, A., Erees, F.S. & Cam, H.S. (2008). An assessment of the quality of various bottled mineral water marketed in turkey. Enviromental Monitoring and Assessment, 85, 139-277.
  5. David, O., Tianyue, P., Junli, Zh., Daniel, C.W., Daniel, S. A., Zhengtao, Sh., Nanthi, S.& Deyi, H. (2018). Biochar application for the remediation of heavy metal polluted land: A review of in situ field trials. Science of the Total Environment, 162, 619-620.
  6. Fattahi, B., Arzani, K., Souri, M. K. & Barzega, M. (2018). Effect of cadmium and lead on morpho-physiological traits and Photosynthesis of ‎sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)‎. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 50(14), 839-849. (in Farsi)
  7. Fiaz, K., Danish, S., Younis, U., Malik, S., Raza Shah, M. & Niaz, S. (2014). Drought impact on Pb/ Cd toxicity remediated by biochar in Brassica campestris. Journal of SoilScience and Plant Nutrition, 14, 845-854.
  8. Hasandokht, M. R., Mastoori, F.  & Padasht Dehkaii, M. (2009). Effect of tea waste and tree Bark waste composts on some properties of growing media and quantity and quality of greenhouse lettuce. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 40(1), 37-43. (in Farsi)
  9. Hejazizadeh, A., Gholamalizadeh Ahangar, A. & Ghorbani, M. (2016). Effect of biochar on lead and cadmium uptake from applied paper factory sewage sludge by sunflower (Heliantus annus L.). Journal of Water and Soil Science, 26 (2), 259-271. (in Farsi)
  10. Houben, D., Evrardand, L. & Sonnet, P. (2013). Beneficial effects of biochar application to contaminated soils on the bioavailability of Cd, Pb and Zn and the biomass production of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Biomass and Bioenergy, 57, 196-204.
  11.  Howard, T. (2011). The effect of biochar on the root development of corn and soybeans in minnesota soil and sand. International Biochar Initiative, 53(1), 1-23.
  12. Hossain, M.K., Strezov, V., Chan, K.Y. & Nelson, P.F. (2010). Agronomic properties of wastewater sludge biochar and bioavailability of metals in production of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Chemosphere, 78,1167-1171.
  13. Israr, M. & Shivendra, V. (2008). Promising role of plant hormones in translocation of lead in Sesbania drummondii shoots. Environmental Pollution, 153, 29-36.
  14. Jalalipur, S. (2014). The biochar effect on yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and cadmium bioavailability in soil. MSc. Thesis. University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
  15. Kim, H.S., Kim, K.R., Kim, H.J., Yoon, J.H., Yang, J.E., Ok, Y.S., Owens, G. & Kim, K.H. (2015). Effect of biochar on heavy metal immobilization and uptake by lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in agricultural soil. Environmental Earth Science, 74, 1249-1259.
  16. Kolton, M., Meller Harel, Y., Pasternak, Z., Graber, E.R., Elad, Y. & Cytryn, E. (2011). Impact of biochar application to soil on the root-associated bacterial community structure of fully developed greenhouse pepper plants. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 77, 4924-4930.
  17. Lehmann, J. (2007). Bio-energy in the black. Frontiers in Ecology and Environment, 5, 381-387.
  18. Liu, T., Liu, B. & Zhang, W. (2014). Nutrientsand heavy metals in biochar produced by sewage sludge pyrolysis: Its application in soil amendment. Polish Journal Environmental Studies, 23(1), 271-275.
  19. Lusiba, S., Ogola, J. & Odhiambo, J. (2017). Effect of biochar and phosphorus fertilizerapplication on soil fertility: soil physical and chemical properties. Agronomy and Soil Science, 63(4), 477-490.
  20. Naderi, S. (2016). Effect of pomegranate peel biochar on reducing cadmium stress in vegetative stage of strawberry. M.Sc. Thesis. Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
  21. Namgay, T., Singh B. & Singh, B.P. (2010). Influence of biochar application to soil on the availability of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn to maize (Zea mays L.). Soil Research, 48, 638-647.
  22. Park, J.H., Choppala, G.K., Sirangie, N.J., Chung, W. & Chuasavathi, T. (2011). Biochar reduces the bioavailability and phytotoxicity of heavy metals. Plant Soil, 348, 439–451.
  23. Parta, M., B. Bhowmik, N. & Sharma, A. (2004). Comparison of mercury, lead and arsenic with respect to genotoxic effects on plant systems and the development of genetic tolerance. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 52, 199-223.
  24. Paz-Ferreiro, J., Lu, H. Fu, S. Mendez, A. & Gasco, G. (2013). Use of phytoremediation and biochar to remediate heavy metal polluted soils: a review. Solid Earth Discussion, 5, 2155-2179.
  25. Ruley, A.T., Sharma, N.C., Sahi, S.V., Singh, S.R. & Sajwan, K.S. (2006). Effects of lead and chelators on growth, photosynthetic activity and Pb uptake in Sesbania drummondii grown in soil. Environmental Pollution, 144, 11-18.
  26. Salari, M. (2014). Effects of Pistachios Residues Biochar on corn up take zinc and cadmium. MSc. Thesis. Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
  27. Shuguang, W., Yan, X., Namkha, N. & Zhan, W. (2017). Remediation of biochar on heavy metal polluted soils. Earth and Environmental Science, 108, 042113.
  28. Steinbeiss, S., Gleixner, G. & Antonietti, M. (2009). Effect of biochar amendment on soil carbon balance and soil microbial activity. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 41, 1301-1310.
  29. Ting, W., Hongwen, S., Xinhao, R., Bing, L. & Hongjun, M. (2017). Evaluation of biochars from different stock materials as carriers of bacterial strain for remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil. Scientific Reports,7, 121-138.
  30. Tshewang, N., Balwant, S. & Bhupinder, P. S. (2010). Influence of biochar application to soil on the availability of As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn to maize (Zea mays L.). Soil Research, 48, 638-647.
  31. Vaccari, F.P., Baronti, S., Lugato, E., Genesio, L., Castaldi, S., Fornasie, F. & Miglietta, F. (2011). Biochar as a strategy to sequester carbon and increase yield in durum wheat. European Journal of Agronomy, 34, 231-238.
  32. Verheijen, F.A., Jeffery, S., Bastos, A.C., Velde, M. & Diafas, I. (2010). Biochar Application to Soils-A Critical Scientific Review of Effects on Soil Properties, Processes and Functions. Scientific and Technical Research Series, 24099.
  33. Younis, U., Qayyum, M.F., Shah, M., Danish, S., Shahzad, A.N., Malik, S.A. & Shu, M. (2015). Growth, survival, and heavy metal (Cd and Ni) uptake of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and fenugreek (Trigonella corniculata) in a biochar‐ amended sewage‐ irrigated contaminated soil. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition,178, 209-217.
  34. Zhang, G., Fukami, M. & Sekimoto, H. (2000). Genotypic differences in effects of cadmium on growth and nutrient compositions in wheat. Journal of Plant Nutrition,23,1337-1350.
  35. Zhang, X. (2013). Using biochar for Remdition Heavy metals. Soil Science Society of America, 69, 1651-1658.
  36. Zheng, R.L., Cai, C., Liang, J., Huang, H., Chen, Q., Huang, Z., Arp, Y.Z. & Sun, G. X. (2012). The effects of biochars from rice residue on the formation of iron plaque and the accumulation of Cd, Zn, Pb, As in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings, Chemosphere, 89, 856-863.
Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science
Volume 51, Issue 4
Winter 2021
Pages 773-784

  • Receive Date 15 May 2019
  • Revise Date 10 June 2019
  • Accept Date 17 June 2019