Effects of irrigation regimes and fertilizer on oil percent and fatty acid composition ‎leaf and seed purslane (Portulaca oleraceae L.)‎

Document Type : Full Paper

Authors

1 Former M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Iran

2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Iran

4 Instructor, Institute of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Iran

Abstract

In order to evaluate, the effects of different irrigation and fertilizer treatments on oil percent and fatty acid composition in purslane, a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications on Zabol climate conditions was conducted. The treatment including three levels of irrigation (80, 60 and 40 % of FWC) as main factor and five levels of fertilizer treatments consist of: Control (without fertilizer), Cow manure (20 T/ha), Vermicompost (15 T/ha), Urea (150 kg/ha) and NPK (100 kg/ha) that as subplots was applied. During the growth period, the soil moisture was measured by TDR. The results showed that, different irrigation regimes, fertilizer and their interaction had significant effect on oil percent in leave (before and after flowering stage) and seed of purslane. Although, with the reduction of water consumption, and the drought stress occurrence, the percentage of oil was decreased, but application of organic fertilizers, especially vermicompost, at high levels of stress, the adverse effects of drought stress was reduced, Gas chromatogram (GC) showed that, 11 fatty acid components in oil of purslane was detected. Linolenic acid involved 40 and 60% of total fatty acid contents of leave and seed oil, respectively. Therefore, organic fertilizer application can save much water for the most sensitive stage of growth and oil production of purslane in drought stress conditions.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahmadi Kamazani, N. & Amiri, M. (2012). Evaluation of physiological and chemical properties of Purslane. Food Sciences and Nutrition, 10(4), 42-53. (in Farsi)
  2. Nezamivand Chegini, R., Ghasemnejad, M. & Biglouee, H. (2020). Effect of deficit irrigation during growth and development of fruit on yield and quality of olive cv. Zard. Iranian Journal of Horticultural science, 51 (1), 67-77. (in Farsi)
  3. Akbarinia, A., Khosravi Fard, M., Sharifi Ashoorabadi A. & Baba Khanloo, P. (2005). Effect of irrigation interval on yield and agronomic characteristics of Nigella Sativa. Journal of Iranian Medicinal Plants, 2, 65-73. (in Farsi)
  4. Alyari, E., Shekari, F. & the Shekari, F. (2000). Oil seed crops agronomy and physiology. Amidi, 182 p. (in Farsi)
  5. Anthony, C. (2001). Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) the global panacea. Personal Care Magazine, 2 (4), 7-15.
  6. Asadi, H., Hassandokht, M. & Dashti, F. (2006). Investigation of leaf and seed of Persian purslane and foreign cultivars. Journal of Food Science and Technology of Iran, 3 (3), 54-49. (in Farsi).
  7. Asqhari, J., Mohammadzadeh, S. & Mazaheri Tehrani, M. (2012). Extraction and determination of essential fatty acid content in purslane leaf. Journal of Herbal Medicine, 3 (3), 166-157.
  8. Ayala, S. & Rao, E. P. (2002). Perspectives of soil fertility management with a focus on fertilizer use for crop productivity. Current Science, 82(7), 797-807.
  9. Bouchereau, A., Clossais, B. N., Bensaoud, A., Beport, L. & Renard, M. (1996). Water stress effects on rapeseed quality. Journal of Agronomy, 5, 19-30.
  10. Bruckner, G. & Chow, C. K. (2000). Fatty acids in food and their health implications (2nd ed.). New York and Basel. Pp. 843-846.
  11. Chan, K., Islam, M., Kamil, M., Radhakrishnan, R., Zakaria, M. & Habibullah, M. (2000). The analgesic and anti inflammatory effects of Portulaca oleracea L. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 73 (3), 445 -451.
  12. Chauhan, B. S. & Johnson, D. E. (2009). Seed germination ecology of Portulaca oleracea L. an important weed of rice and upland crops. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 5, 272-279.
  13. Cros, V., Jose, J., Sanchez, M. & Antonio Franco, J. (2007). Good yields of common purslane with a high fatty acid content can be obtained in a peat-based floating system. Journal of Hort Technology, 17 (1), 14-21.
  14. Crowford, M., Galli, C., Visioli, F., Renaud, S., Simopoulos, A. P. & Spector, A. (2000). Role of plant derived Omega 3-fatty acids in human nutrition. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 44, 263-265.
  15. Das, U. N. (2000). Beneficial effect of fatty acids in cardiovascular diseases: but, why and how?. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 63, 351-362.
  16. Frenoux, J. M. R., Prost, E. D., Belleville, J. L. & Prost, J. L. (2001). Polyunsaturated fatty acid diet lowers blood pressure and improves antioxidant status in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Journal of Nutrition, 131, 39-45.
  17. Gaur, S. L., Bangar, A. R. & Kadam, S. K. (1987). Effect of graded doses of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the yield and oil content of sunflower. Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 1, 77-78.
  18. Gholam Hosseini, M., Ghalavand, A. & Jamshidi, A. (2008). Effect of irrigation regimes and fertilizer treatments on grain yield and concentration of elements in sunflower leaves and seeds. Journal of Research and Development, 21 (2), 100-91. (in Farsi).
  19. Gonzales, S., Duncan, S. E. & Okeef, S. F. (2003). Oxidation and textoral characteristic of butter with modified fatty acid profailes. Journal Dairy Saience, 86, 70-77.
  20. Hassani, A. (2006). Effect of low water stress on growth, yield and essential oil content of Dracocephalum moldavica. Iranian Journal of Medicinal Plants and Herbs Research, 22 (3), 261-256.
  21. Hekmat Shoar, H. (1993). Physiology of plants in difficult conditions. Niknam Tabriz. 293 p. (in Farsi)
  22. Hiremath, B. R., Biradar, D. P. & Hunshal, C. S.  (1991). Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on oil and protein content of sunflower seeds. Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 4, 214-215.
  23. Javanmard, M. & Asadi-Gharneh, A. (2016). Study of quantitative and qualitative traits of fatty acids in dog rose (Rosa canina L.) ecotypes from Isfahan rejoin of Iran. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science, 47 (3), 595-606. (in Farsi)
  24. Kafi, M., Zand, A., Kamkar, B., Sharifi, B. & Goldani, M. (2005). In: Plant physiology, Photosynthesis: Ecological and physiological aspects. (pp. 387- 402) University of Mashhad Publication Center. (in Farsi)
  25. Uddin, M. K., Juraimi, A. S., Hossain, M. A., Anwar, F. & Alam, M. A. (2012). Effect of salt stress of Portulaca oleracea on antioxidant properties and mineral compositions. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 6, 1732-1736.
  26. Kamkar, B., Daneshmand, A. R., Ghooshchi, F., Shiranirad, A. H. & Safahani Langeroudi, A. (2011). The effects of irrigation regimes and nitrogen rates on some agronomic traits of canola under a semiarid environment. Journal Agricultural Water Management, 98(2), 1005-1012.
  27. Karimzadeh Asl, Kh., Mazaheri, D. & Peiqhambari, A. (2003). Effect of irrigation intervals on yield and quantitative traits of three sunflower cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Science of Iran, 34 (2), 301-293. (in Farsi)
  28. Kaymak, H. C. (2013). Effect of nitrogen forms on growth, yield and nitrate accumulation of cultivated purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.). Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 19, 444-449.
  29. Li, W. R., Zhang, S. & Shan, L. (2006). Effect of water stress on chlorophyll fluorescene parameters and activity of antioxidant enzyme in Alfaalfa seedling. Journal of Biotechnology, 67, 59-65.
  30. Lim, Y. Y. & Quah, E. P. L. (2007). Antioxidant properties of different cultivars of portulaca oleracea. Journal of Food Chemistry, 103, 734-739.
  31. Majid, H. R. & Schneiter, A. A. (1987). Yield and quality of semi dwarf and standard height sunflower hybrids grown at five plant populations. Journal of Agronomy, 79, 681-684
  32. Majnoun Hosseini, N. & Davazdah Emmami, S. (2007). In: Agricultural and production of medicinal plant, Classification based on secondary metabolites. (pp. 35 – 51) University of Tehran Publication Center. (in Farsi)
  33. Matos, G. D. & Arrunda, M. (2003). Vermicompost as natural adsorbent for removing metal ions from laboratory effluents. Process Biochemistry, 39, 81-88.
  34. Montti, M. (1975). In: Annali della Facolta di Agraria, Effect of application of increasing rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. (pp. 341-354) Universita Degli Studi di Perugia.
  35. Omidbaigi, R. (1995). Production and processing of medicinal plants (Vol. 1). Astan Quds Publication. 348 p. (in Farsi)
  36. Omidbaigi, R. (2000). Production and processing of medicinal plants (Vol 3). Astan Quds Publication. 204 p. (in Farsi).
  37. Palaniswamy, U. R., McAvoy, R. & Bible, B. (1997). Omega-3-fatty acid concentration in Portulaca oleraceae L. is altered by the source of nitrogen in hydroponics solution. Journal of Plant Physiology, 32, 462-463.
  38. Safikhani, F., Heydari Sharif Abad, H. Siyadat, A., Seyednezhad, M. & Abaszadeh, B. (2008). Effect of dry stress on oil percent and yield and physiologic traits of Dracocephalum moldavica. Journal Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Iran, 23(1), 86-99. (in Farsi)
  39. Salehi, A., Ghalavand, A., Sefidkon, F. & Asgharzade, A. (2011). The effect of zeolite, PGPR and vermicompost application on N, P, K concentration, essential oil content and yield in organic cultivation of German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 27, 188-201. (in Farsi)
  40. Salisbury, E. (1961). Common purslane: a source of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidant. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 13, 34-39.
  41. Schirmer, S. H., Werner, C. M., Binder, S. B., Faas, M. E., Custodis, F. & Bohm, M. (2012). Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on postprandial triglycerides and monocyte activation. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 225(1), 166-172.
  42. Shin, W. H. (2006). Protective effect of anthocyanin in middle cerebral artery occasion and reperfusion model of cerebral ischemia in rats. Journal of Life Science, 79, 130-137.
  43. Simopoulos, A. P., Norman, H. A. & Gillaspy, J. E. (1995). Purslane in human nutrition and its potential for world agriculture. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 77, 47-74.
  44. Simopoulos, A. P., Norman, H. A., Gillaspy, J. E. & Duke, J. A. (1992). Common purslane: a source of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidant. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 11, 374-382.
  45. Singh, S. P., Baragli, K., Joshi, A. & Chaudhry, S. (2005). Nitrogen reception in leaves of tree and shrub seedling in response to increasing soil fertility. Journal of Biologia Plantarum, 89(2), 389-396.
  46. Ujinajah, U. S., Shanthamallaiah, N. R. & Murali, M. (1998). Effect of different row spacing and N and P2O5 fertilizer level on growth, yield, yield component and quality of seed in sunflower. Journal of Agriculture Science, 23, 146-150.
Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science
Volume 51, Issue 2
September 2020
Pages 375-386

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 10 December 2018
  • Revise Date: 07 April 2019
  • Accept Date: 01 May 2019

Share

How to cite

Statistics