Essential oil content and composition of Ziziphora persica Bunge from different habitats

Document Type : Full Paper

Authors

1 Former M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Iran

2 Professor, Research Institute of Forest and Rangeland, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, I.R. of Iran

Abstract

Ziziphora persica or Iranian kakooti is an annual aromatic plant from Labiatea family that grows wild in Iran and has strong antimicrobial effects. In this research, the aerial parts of this plant were collected at full flowering stage from six habitats. After confirmation of scientific names of the plants by Herbarium of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (TARI), the plant materials were dried at shade. The essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation, the yields were calculated based on dry weight and the oils were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Results showed that oil yields varied from 0.11% (Meshkin Shahr, Nodooz) to 0.39% (Alamoot, Ghazvine) for different samples. Seventeen to twenty-six components were identified in the essential oils. The main compound in the essential oil of Alamout and Gharetape samples were spathulenol (25.7% and 24.1%, respectively). The major compound in the oil of Urmieh sample was beta-bisabolene (28.8%). The main compound in others oils was epi-alpha-muurolol that its percentage in the oil of Meshkinshahr sample (20.8%) was higher than Gharechaman (17.1%) and Miyaneh (14.4%). Of course the three above components were found in all oils, but their percentages were completely different. Results of this research showed the oil of Ziziphora persica in Iran is completely different with other species of Ziziphora that contain pulegone as main compound in their oils.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Adams, R. P. (1995). Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy. Allured, Coral Stream, IL.
  2. Amiri, H., (2008). Composition and Antioxidant Activity of the Essential Oil and Methanolic Extract of Ziziphora Clinopodioides Lam in Preflowering Stage. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 16, 79-86.
  3. Babakhanloo, P., Mirza, M., Sefidkon, F., Ahmadi, L., Barazandeh, M. & Asgari, F., (1993a). Essential oil composition of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2, 103-114. (in Farsi)
  4. Babakhanloo, P., Mirza, M., Sefidkon, F., Ahmadi, L., Barazandeh, M. & Asgari, F., (1993b). Essential oil composition of Ziziphora teniur. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 2, 115-120. (in Farsi)
  5. Chitsaz, M., Barrton, M.D., Naseri, M., Kamali Nejad, M. and Bazargan, M., 2007. Essential oil composition and antibacterial effects of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 29: 203-205.
  6. Chachoyan, A. A. & Oganesyan, G. B. (1996). Antitumor activity of some spices of the family Lamiaceae. Rastitelnye Resursy, 32(4), 59-64.
  7. Cheng, S. S., Wu, C. L., Chang, H. T., Kao, Y. T. & Chang, S. T. (2004). Antitermitic and antifungal activities of essential oil of Calocedrus formosana leaf and its composition. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 30(10), 1957-1967.
  8. Chitsaz, M., Pargar, A., Naseri, M., Bazargan, M. & Ansari, M. (2007). Composition and anti- bacterial effects of hydro-alcoholic extract and essential oil of Ziziphora clinopodioides on selected bacteria. Scientific Journal of Shahed University, 68, 15-22.
  9. Dehghan, Z., Sefidkon, F., Bakhshi Khaniki, Gh. & Kalvandi, R. (2010). Effects of some ecological factors on essential oil content and composition of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. subsp. Rigida (Boiss.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 26(1), 49-63. (in Farsi)
  10. Dehghan, Z., Sefidkon, F., Emami, S. M. & Kalvandi, R. (2014). The effects of ecological factors on essential oil yield and composition of Ziziphora clinopodioides lam. Subsp. Rigida (Boiss) Rech.f., Journal of Plant Researches (Iranian Journal of Biology), 27(1), 61- 71.
  11. Eftekhar, F., Salehi, P., Sonboli, A., Nejad Ebrahimi, S. & Yousef Zadi, M. (2005). Essential oil composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activity of oils and various extracts of Ziziphora clinopodioides subsp rigida (Boiss). Rech. f. from Iran. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 28, 1892-1896.
  12. Gozde, E., Yavaşoğlu, N., Ülkü, K. & Öztürk, B. (2006). Antimicrobial Activity of Endemic Ziziphora taurica subsp.cleonioides (Boiss) P. H. Davis Essential Oil. Acta Pharmaceutica Sciencia, 48, 55-62.
  13. Hakim, M. S. (1969). Hamadard Phamacoporia of Eastern Medicin, Pakistan.
  14. Javidnia, K. (1996). Identify the components of the essential oils of Ziziphora teniur, Zataria multiflora and Matricaria decipiens and investigate their antibacterial effects. Ph.D. Thesis, Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
  15. Köllner, T. G., Schnee, C., Li, S., Svatos, A., Schneider, B., Gershenzon, J. & Degenhardt, J. (2008). Protonation of a neutral (S)-beta-bisabolene intermediate is involved in (S)-beta-macrocarpene formation by the maize sesquiterpene synthases TPS6 and TPS11. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 283(30), 20779-20788.
  16. Maurer, B. & Hauser, A. (1983). New sesquiterpenoids from clary sage oil (Salvia sclarea L.). Helvetica Chimica Acta, 66(7), 2223-2235.
  17. Mirheidar, H. (2001). Plant Scieces, plants used in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Vol. 1, Tehran.
  18. Mozaffarian, V. (1996). A Dictionary of Iranian Plant Names. Farhang-e-Moasser, Tehran, 749p.
  19. Negueruela, V. A. & Mata, R. M. (1986). The volatile oil of Ziziphora hispanica L. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 1(3), 111-113.
  20. Ozturk, S. & Ercisli, S. (2007). Antibacterial activity and chemical constituents of Ziziphora clinopodioides. Food Contorol, 18(5), 535-540.
  21. Ozturk, S. & Ercisli, S. (2006). The chemical composition of Essential oil and in vitro antibacterial of essenential oils and methanol extract of Ziziphora persica bunge. Ehtanopharmacology, 106(3), 327-376.
  22. Rechinger, K. H. (1982). Flora Iranica. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz. 150, 1-462.
  23. Salehi, P., Mirjalili, M. H., Hadian, J., Nejad Ebrahimi, S. & Yousef Zadi, M. (2006). Antibacterial Activity and composition of the Essential oil of Ziziphora clinopodioides subsp bungeana (JUZ). Rech.f. from Iran. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, 61, 677-680.
  24. Salehi, P., Sonboli, A., Efetekhar, F., Naghd-Ebrahimi, S. & Yousefzadi, M. (2005). Essential oil composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activity of the oil and various extract of Ziziphora clinopodioides subsp rigida (Boiss) Rech. F. from Iran. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 28(10), 1892-1896.
  25. Shibamoto, T. (1987). Retention indices in essential oil analysis, P. 259-275, In: capillary Gas chromatography in Essential oil Analysis. Edits, P. Sandra and C. Bicchi, Dr. Alfred Heuthig Verlag, NewYork.
  26. Yao, Q. S. & Chiou, G. C. (1993). Inhibition of crystallins-induced inflammation in rabbit eyes with five phytogenic compounds. Zhongguo. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. 14, 13-17.
  27. Zargari, A. (1990). Medicinal plants. Vol. 4. Tehran University Publivcation. (in Farsi)
  28. Zendehdel, M. & Babapour, V. (2010). Study of antinociceptive effevts of Ziziphora teniour and its interference on opioidergic and serotoninergic systems. Journal of Veterinary Research, 65(1), 57-60.

 

 

Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science
Volume 48, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
January 2018
Pages 613-621

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 17 December 2017
  • Accept Date: 17 December 2017

Share

How to cite

Statistics