Study of the effect of substrates with different effective air-filled pore space on greenhouse tomato transplant growth

Document Type : Full Paper

Authors

1 Former M.Sc. Student, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Professor, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

Abstract

Soilless media have different physical properties. Change in air space of mix substrate can cause change in fertigation management and plant growth and yield. Physical properties (water holding capacity, effective air-filled pore space, effective pore space) of 50 mixed substrates were measured to evaluate the effect of air-filled pore space on growth of tomato transplant and it's water use efficiency. Media with different effective air-filled pore space and similar water- holding capacity and effective pore space selected as treatments. Randomized complete block design with 3 replications and 12 observations in each experimental unit was used. Results showed that air-filled pore space of a mixed medium can affect growth properties of tomato transplant and irrigation water use efficiency. Plants grown in sand-cocopeat media with effective air filled pore space of %10.85 had considerable superiority over those grown in substrates with effective air volumes of 21.3% and 17%. There were not significant differences during initial days and the differences became more significant while the plant grew up. There was an obvious differences amount irrigation water use efficiency of experimental plant grown in different media.

Keywords

References

  1. Abuarab, M., Mostafa, E. & Ibrahim, M. (2013). Effect of air injection under subsurface drip irrigation on yield and water use efficiency of corn in a sandy clay loam soil. Journal of Advanced Research, 4(6), 493-499.
  2. Allaire, S. E., Caron, J., Duchesne, I., Parent, L. É. & Rioux, J. A. (1996). Air-filled porosity, gas relative diffusivity, and tortuosity: indices of Prunus× Cistena sp. growth in peat substrates. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 121(2), 236-242.
  3. Allar, M. C. (1983). Plant injury and adaptation to oxygen deficiency in the root environment: a review. Plant and Soil, 75(2), 179-199.
  4. Awang, Y., Shaharom, A.S., Rosli, M.B. & Selamat, A. (2009). Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Cocopeat-Based Media Mixtures and Their Effects on the Growth and Development of Celosia cristata. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 4(1), 63-71.
  5. Baybordi, M. (1996). Soil physics. University of Tehran Publication. 295-300.
  6. Bilderback, T. E., Fonteno, W. C. & Johnson, D. R. (1982). Physical properties of media composed of peanut hulls, pine bark, and peat moss and their effects on azalea growth. Journal American Society for Horticultural Science, 4(5), 482-499.
  7. Bousque, I., Morard, P., Silvestre, J. & Maertens, C. (1992). Effects of localized hypoxia on wheat ion uptake and roots growth. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie d'Agriculture de France (France).
  8. Bradford, K.J. (1983). Effects of soil flooding on leaf gas exchange of tomato plants. Plant Physiology, 73(2), 475-479.
  9. Bradford, K. J. (1983). Involvement of plant growth substances in the alteration of leaf gas exchange of flooded tomato plants. Plant Physiology, 73(2), 480-483.
  10. Bradford, K. J. & Hsiao, T. C. (1982). Stomatal behavior and water relations of waterlogged tomato plants. Plant Physiology, 70(5), 1508-1513.
  11. Cannell, R.Q., Belford, R.K., Blackwell, P.S., Govi, G. & Thomson, R.J. (1985). Effects of waterlogging on soil aeration and on root and shoot growth and yield of winter oats (Avena sativa L.). Plant and Soil, 85(3), 361-373.
  12. Chang, L. A., Hammett, L.K. & Pharr, D.M. (1982). Ethanol, alcohol dehydrogenase, and pyruvate decarboxylase in storage roots of four sweet potato cultivars during simulated flood-damage and storage. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 107(4), 674-677.
  13. Davies, W. J. & Zhang, J. (1991). Root signals and the regulation of growth and development of plants in drying soil. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 42(1), 55-76.
  14. Din, E. (2012). 13041. Soil Improvers and growing media–Determination of physical properties–Dry bulk density, air volume, water volume, shrinkage value and total pore space. German Version prEN, Beuth, Berlin/Cologne.
  15. Duthion, C. (1976). Phenological response of pea to water stress during reproductive development. Crop science, 34(1), 141-146.
  16. Gruda, M., Qaryouti, M. & Leonardi, C. (2013). Growing media. Good Agricultural Practices for greenhouse vegetable crops, 271.
  17. Gruda, N. (2005). Growth and quality of vegetables in peat substitute growing media. PhD Diss, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
  18. Haddad, M. (2007). Effect of three substrates on growth, yield and quality of tomato by the use of geothermal water in the south of Tunisia. Journal of Food Agriculture and Environment, 5(2), 175.
  19. Harris, D. G. & Van Bavel, C. H. M. (1957). Growth, yield, and water absorption of tobacco plants as affected by the composition of the root atmosphere. Agronomy Journal, 49(1), 11-14.
  20. Hekmat Shoar, H. (1993). Plant physiology on hard condition.Niknam Publication.
  21. Hiatt, A. J. & Lowe, R. H. (1967). Loss of organic acids, amino acids, K, and Cl from barley roots treated anaerobically and with metabolic inhibitors. Plant physiology, 42(12), 1731-1736.
  22. Hopkins, H. T. (1956). Absorption of ionic species of orthophosphate by barley roots: effects of 2, 4-dinitrophenol and oxygen tension. Plant physiology, 31(2), 155.
  23. Jackson, M. B. & Hall, K. C. (1987). Early stomatal closure in waterlogged pea plants is mediated by abscisic acid in the absence of foliar water deficits.Plant, Cell & Environment, 10(2), 121-130.
  24. Morard, P. & Silvestre, J. (1996). Plant injury due to oxygen deficiency in the root environment of soilless culture: A review. Plant and Soil, 184(2), 243-254.
  25. Olle, M., Ngouajio, M. & Siomos, A. (2012). Vegetable quality and productivity as influenced by growing medium: a review. Agriculture, 99(4), 399-408.
  26. Perata, P. & Alpi, A. (1991). Ethanol-induced injuries to carrot cells the role of acetaldehyde. Plant Physiology, 95(3), 748-752.
  27. Perelli, M. & Pimpini, F. (2003). Il nuovo manuale di concimazione. Arvan srl.
  28. Prasad, M. (1979). Physical properties of media for container-grown crops. I. New Zealand peats and wood wastes. Scientia Horticulturae, 10(4), 317-323.
  29. Rao, K. P. & Rains, D. W. (1976). Nitrate absorption by barley I. Kinetics and energetics. Plant physiology, 57(1), 55-58.
  30. Raviv, M. & Lieth, H. (2008). Soilless culture theory and practice. Elsevier Press.
  31. Raviv, M., Lieth, J. H. & Wallach, R. (2000, May). The effect of root-zone physical properties of coir and UC mix on performance of cut rose (cv. Kardinal). In World Congress on Soilless Culture: Agriculture in the Coming Millennium, 554, 231-238.
  32. Raviv, M., Wallach, R., Silber, A. & Bar-Tal, A. (2002). Substrates and their analysis. Hydroponic Production of Vegetables and Ornamentals, 25-101.
  33. Schnitzler, W. H. & Gruda, N. (2002, March). Quality issues of greenhouse production. In VI International Symposium on Protected Cultivation in Mild Winter Climate: Product and Process Innovation 614. (pp. 663-674).
  34. Setter, T. L., Brun, W. A. & Brenner, M. L. (1980). Effect of obstructed translocation on leaf abscisic acid, and associated stomatal closure and photosynthesis decline. Plant Physiology, 65(6), 1111-1115.
  35. Shahin Rokhsar, P. (2007). Evaluation the effect of irrigation dose and media on growth and yield of tomato in soilless culture. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 1, 31-46.
  36. Silvester, J. & Morad, P. (1996). Agronomic efficiency of foliar spray of micronutrients on pelargonium. In: Proceeding of IXth International Colloquium for the Optimization of Plant Nutrition. 8th-15th September, Czech Republic (pp. 541-545). (pp. 541-545).
  37. Stanhill, G. 1986. Water use efficiency. Advances in Agronomy, 39, 53-85.
  38. Trought, M.C.T. & Drew, M.C. (1980). The development of waterlogging damage in wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant and Soil, 54(1), 77-94.
  39. Trought, M.C.T. & Drew, M.C. (1980). The development of waterlogging damage in wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L.). 2. Accumulation and redistribution of nutrients by the shoot. Plant and Soil, 56(2), 187-199.
  40. Tzortzakis, N. G. & Economakis, C. D. (2008). Impacts of the substrate medium on tomato yield and fruit quality in soilless cultivation. Journal of Horticultural Science, 35, 83-89.
  41. Verdonck, O. & Demeyer, P. (2001). The influence of the particle sizes on the physical properties of growing media. In International Symposium on Growing Media and Hydroponics 644 (pp. 99-101
  42. Zakrzhevskii, D.A. & Ladygina, O.N. (1989). Effect of Root Hypoxia on Functional-Activity of Pea and Soybean Leaves. Soviet Plant Physiology, 36(3), 465-471.
Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science
Volume 47, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
December 2016
Pages 407-419

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 14 January 2015
  • Revise Date: 10 May 2015
  • Accept Date: 06 June 2015

Share

How to cite

Statistics