Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science

Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science

Impressibility of Purple Coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L. Moench) from Salicylic ‎acid and Methyl Jasmonate Elicitors by Monitoring of‏ ‏Morpho-physiological Traits

Document Type : Full Paper

Authors
Mahmood Mohebby 1
Seyed Najmmaddin Mortazavi 2
Azizollah Kheiry 3
Jalal Saba 4
1 Instructor, Research and Education Center of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculcure, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran‎
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculcure, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran‎
4 Professor, Faculty of Agriculcure, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran‎
10.22059/ijhs.2021.308396.1835
Abstract
A factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Zanjan University (during 1396-97 and 1397-98). Salicylic-acid (control, 50, 100 and 150 mM) and methyl-jasmonate (control, 50, 100 and 200 μM) treatments were sprayed on Echinacea plants (four plants per plot) in the first and second years (two stages, 20 days interval). The results showed that salicylic-acid and methyl-jasmonate have a significant effect on vase-life of flower, leaf-area, fresh and dry weight of roots, chlorophylls a and b and catalase and peroxidase. Also, the highest vase-life of flower was obtained in treatment of 100 mM salicylic-acid and 200 μM methyl-jasmonate and the highest fresh and dry weight of roots and leaf-area were obtained in treatment of 100 mM salicylic-acid and 100 μM methyl-jasmonate. The highest relative water-content of petal and catalase were obtained in treatment of 100 mM salicylic-acid and 100 μM of methyl-jasmonate (first year) and in treatment of 100 mM of salicylic-acid and 50 μM of methyl-jasmonate (second year). The amount of peroxidase was also high in treatments of 100 mM salicylic-acid and 200 μM methyl-jasmonate (first year) and 100 mM salicylic-acid and 100 μM methyl-jasmonate (second year). The highest amount of chlorophyll a in both years and chlorophyll b in the first year were in 100 mM salicylic-acid and 50 μM methyl-jasmonate treatment. Also, the highest amount of total-chlorophyll was obtained in 50 mM salicylic-acid and 200 μmol methyl-jasmonate (first year) and 100 mmol salicylic-acid and 50 μM methyl-jasmonate treatment (second year).
Keywords
Elicitor
enzyme
phytohormone
purple coneflower
  1. Abd El-Baky, H.H., Hussein, M.M. & El-Baroty, G.S. (2008). Algal extracts improve antioxidant defense abilities and salt tolerance of wheat plant irrigated with sea water.Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 7, 2812-2832.
  2. Abdel-Wahed, M.S.A., Amin, A.A. & El-Rashad, S.M. (2006). Physiological effect of some bioregulators on vegetative growth, yield and chemical constituents of yellow maize plants. World Journal of Agriculture Science, 2(2), 149-155.
  3. Alaey, M., Babalar, M., Naderi, R. & Kafi, M. (2011). Effect of pre and postharvest salicylic acid treatment on physio-chemical attributes in relation to vase life of rose cut flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 61, 91-94.
  4. Ali, M.B., Hahn, E.J., Paek, K.Y. (2007). Methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid induced oxidative stress and accumulation of phenolics in Panax ginseng bioreactor root suspension culture. Molecules, 12, 607-621.
  5. Ali, M.B., Yu, K.W., Hahn, E.J. & Paek, K.Y. (2006). Methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid elicitation induces ginsenosides accumulation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant in suspension culture Panax ginseng roots in bioreactors. Plant Cell Reports, 25, 613-620.
  6. Alscher, R.G., Erturk, N. & Health, L.S. (2002). Role of superoxide dismutases (SODs) in controlling oxidative stress in plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 53, 1331-1341.
  7. Asgari, M. & Ladan Moghdam, A.R. (2015). Comparison of different salicylic scid application ways as a preservative on postharvest life of gerbera cut flowers. Agricultural Communications, 3(4), 1-8.
  8. Asghari, M. & Hasanloo, A.R. (2015). Interaction effects of salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate on total antioxidant content, catalase and peroxidase enzymes activity in “Sabrosa” strawberry fruit during storage. Scientia Horticulturae, 197, 490-495.
  9. Ataei, N., Moradi, H. & Akbarpoor, V. (2013). Growth parameters and photosynthetic pigments of marigold under stress induced by jasmonic acid. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 5(4), 513-517.
  10. Baba Rabi, M., Zarei, H., Eskandari, A. & Badeli, S. (2018). The effect of foliar application of salicylic acid and thiamine on some physiological and biochemical traits of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa) in soil and soilless cultivation systems. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture, 9 (4), 53-69. (In Farsi).
  11. Barahuyi -Nikju, M. (2017). Effect of salicylic acid and drought stress on crop yield. Chemistry Research Journal, 2(2), 125-132.
  12. Bergmeyer, H.U. (1970). Methoden der enzymatischen analyse. Akademic Verlag, Berlin, 1, 636-647.
  13. Bidabadi, S.S., Mahmood, M., Baninasab, B. & Ghobadi, C. (2012). Influence of salicylic acid on morphological and physiological responses of banana (Musa cuminate ‘Berangan’) shoot tips invitro water stress induced by polyethylene glycol. Plant Omics Journal., 5(1), 33-39.
  14. Bolwell, G.P. & Wojtaszek, P. (1997). Mechanisms for the generation of reactive oxygen species in plant defence-a broad perspective. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 55, 347-366.
  15. Cag, S., Cevahiroz, G., Sarsag, M. & Saglam, N. G. (2009). Effect of salicylic acid on pigment, protein content and peroxidase activity in excised sunflower cotyledons. PakistanJournal of Botany, 41(5), 2297-2303.
  16. Cao, S. & Zheng, Y. (2010). Effect of methyl jasmonate on cell wall modification of loquat fruit in relation to chilling injury after harvest. Food Chemistry, 118(3), 641-647.
  17. Chavoushi, M., Manoochehri Kalantari, K. & Arvin, M.J. (2019). Effect of salinity stress and exogenously applied methyl jasmonate on growth and physiological traits of two Carthamus tinctorius International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 6(1), 39-49.
  18. Christelle, M., Blanc, F., Claire, E.L., Besnard, O., Nicole, M. & Baccou, J.C. (2001). Salicylic acid and ethylene pathways are differentially activated in melon cotyledons by active or heat- denatured cellulase from Trichodenna zongibrachiatup Plant Physiology, 127, 334-348.
  19. Danaee, E., Mostofi, Y. & Moradi, P. (2011). Effect of GA and BA on postharvest quality and vase life of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii. cv. Good Timing) cut flowers. Horticulture, Environment and Biotechnology, 52(2), 140-144.
  20. Elsadek, M. A. (2018). Improvement yield and quality of dahlia flowers by exogenous application of gibberellic acid and salicylic acid under sandy soil Journal of Plant Production, 9 (3), 289-297.
  21. Eskandari Zanjani, K., Shiranirad, A. H., Moradi Aghdam, & Taherkhani, T. (2012). Effect of salicylic acid application in salt stress conditions on physiological and morphological characteristics of artemisia (Artemisia annua L.). Ecophysiology of Crop Plants, 4(24), 428-415.
  22. Ezhilmanthi, K., Singh, V.P., Arora, A. & Sairam, R.K. (2007). Effect of 5-sulfosalicylic acid on antioxidant activity in relation to vase life of Gladiolus cut flowers. Journal of Plant Growth Regulator, 51, 99-108.
  23. Fariman, K.Z., Azizi, M. & Noori, S. (2011). Seed germination and dormancy breaking techniques for Echinacea purpurea. Journal of Environmental Biology, 5, 7-10.
  24. Gharib, F. A. L. (2006). Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, metabolic activities and oil content of basil and marjoram. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 4,485-492.
  25. Gerailoo, S. & Ghasemnezhad, M. (2011). Effect of salicylic acid on antioxidant enzyme activity and petal senescence in ‘Yellow Island’ cut rose Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research, 19, 183-193.
  26. Hare, J. D. & Walling, L. L. (2006). Constitutive and jasmonate-inducible traits of Datura wrightii. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 32, 29-45.
  27. Hatamzadeh, A., Hatami, M. & Ghasemnezhad, M. (2012). Efficiency of salicylic acid delay petal senescence and extended quality of cut spikes of Gladiolus grandiflora cv ‘wing’s sensation’. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 7, 540‐545.
  28. Hayat, S. & Ahmad, A. (2007). Salicylic acid: a plant hormone. Springer, pp, 401.
  29. He, Y., Fukushige, H., Hildebrand, D.F. & Gan, S. (2002). Evidence supporting a role of jasmonic acid in arabidopsis leaf senescence. Plant Physiology, 128, 876-884.
  30. Herzog, V. & Fahimi, H. D. (1973). Determination of the activity of peroxidase. Analytical Biochemistry, 55, 554-562.
  31. Ho, T.T., Murthy, H.N. & Park, S.Y. (2020). Methyl jasmonate induced oxidative stress and accumulation of secondary metabolites in plant cell and organ cultures. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(716), 1-18.
  32. Janoudi, A. & Flore, J.A. (2003). Effects of multiple applications of methyl jasmonate on fruit ripening, leaf gas exchange and vegetative growth in fruit trees. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 78, 793-797.
  33. Jung, S. (2004). Effect of chlorophyll reduction in Arabidopsis thaliana by methyl jasmonate or norflurazon on antioxidant systems. Journal of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 42, 231-255.
  34. Khan, W., Prithviraj, B. & Smith, D.L. (2003). Photosynthetic responses of corn and soybean to foliar application of salicylates. Journal of Plant Physiology, 160, 485-492.
  35. Karlidage, H., Yildirim, E. & Turan, M. (2009). Salicylic acid ameliorates the adverse effect of salt stress on strawberry. Scientia Agricola, 66, 180-187.
  36. Kaya, C., Higgs, D., Ince, F., Amador, B.M., Cakir, A. & Sakar, E. (2003). Ameliorative effects of potassium phosphate on salt-stressed pepper and cucumber. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 26, 807-820.
  37. Kazemi, M., Hadavi, E. & Hekmati, J. (2011). Role of salicylic acid in decreases of membrane senescence in cut carnation flowers. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 7, 1417-1425.
  38. Khalvandi, M., Amerian, M. R., Pirdashti, H., Baradaran, M. and Gholami, A. (2018). Effects of methyl jasmonate on some photosynthetic parameters of peppermint (Mentha piperita) in saline conditions. Journal of Plant Process and Function, 7(23), 233-248. (In Farsi).
  39. Kim, Y.H., Kim, Y.; Cho, E., Kwak, S., Kwon, S., Bae, J. & Huh, G.H. (2004). Alterations in intracellular and extracellular activities of antioxidant enzymes during suspension culture of sweet potato. Phytochemistry, 65, 2471-2484.
  40. Kirk, J.O.T. & Allen, R.L. (1965). Dependence of chloroplast pigment on actidione. Biochemicaland Biophysical Research Communications, 21, 523-530.
  41. Koppad, S., Babaleshwar, S.B., Dharmatti, P.R. & Math, K. (2017). Influence of salicylic acid on growth and bulb yield of onion (Allium cepa ). International Journalof Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(9), 1732-1737.
  42. Larqué-Saavedra, A. & Martin-Méx, R. (2007). Effects of salicylic acid on bioproductivity of plants. (pp, 15-23),  Springer, Dordrecth.
  43. Li, T., Hu, Y., Du, X., Tang, H. & Shen, C. (2014). Salicylic acid alleviates the adverse effects of salt stress in Torreya grandis Merrillii seedlings by activating photosynthesis and enhancing antioxidant systems. Public Library of Science, San Francisco, California, 9(10), 1-10.
  44. Maciejewska, B. & Kopcewicz, J. (2002). Inhibitory effect of methyl jasmonate on flowering and elongation growth in Pharbitis nil. Journal of Plant Growth Regulators, 21, 216-223.
  45. Mady, M.A. (2014). Inducing cold tolerability in squash (Cucurbita pepo) plant by using salicylic acid and chelated calcium application. International Journalof Agricultural Research, 4, 9- 24.
  46. Matamoros, M.A., Clemente, M.R., Sato, S., Asamizu, E., Tabata, S. & Ramos, J. (2003). Molecular analysis of the pathway for the synthesis of thiol tripeptides in the model legume Lotus japonicas. Molecule Plant-Microbe Interaction, 16, 1039-1046.
  47. Nasibi, F. (2010). Effect of different concentrations of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) pretreatment on oxidative damages induced by drought stress in tomato plant. Plant Biology, 9, 36-74.
  48. Németh, M., Janda, T., Horváth, E., Páldi, E. & Szalai, G. (2002). Exogenous salicylic acid increases polyamine content but may decrease drought tolerance in maize. Plant Science, 162, 569-574.
  49. Pacheco, A.C., Cabral, C., Fermino, E.S. & Aleman, C.C. (2013). Salicylic acid-induced changes to growth, flowering and flavonoids production in marigold plants. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 7(42), 3158-3163.
  50. Parveen, Z. (2017). Physiological approaches to improve flower quality and corm yield in gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus), M.Sc. Thesis, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidhyalaya, Raipur, India.
  51. Prathapa Reddy, M., Kavya, B., Rama Rao, V., Shantha, T.R., Kishore Kumar, R. & Rahmathulla, V. G. (2015). Therapeutic uses of flowers leads from traditional system of medicine. International Journal of Herbal Medicine, 3(3), 12-20.
  52. Rivas-San Vicente, M. & Plasencia, J. (2011). Salicylic acid beyond defence: Its role in plant growth and development. Journalof Experimental Botany, 62, 3321–3338.
  53. Saffari, G., Allahdadi, A. & Arvin, S.M.J. (2012). Effect of some growth regulators on seed germination characters and seedling primary growth of canola (Brassica napus). Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology, 2, 185-192. (In Farsi).
  54. Saisavoey, T., Thongchul, N., Sangvanich, P. & Karnchanatat, A. (2014). Effect of methyl jasmonate on isoflavonoid accumulation and  antioxidant  enzymes in Pueraria mirifica cell suspension culture. Journal of Medicinal Plant Research, 8(9), 401-407.
  55. Salimi, F., Shekari, F., Azimi, M. R. & Zangani, A. (2011). The role of methyl jasmonate in improving salinity resistance through effect on some physiological characteristics of german chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla ). Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Iran, 27, 711-700.
  56. Scott, M.I., Thaler, S.J. & Scott, G.F. (2010). Response of a generalist herbivore Trichoplusia ni to jasmonate mediated induced defense in tomato. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 36, 490-499.
  57. See, K. S., Bhatt, A. & Keng, C. L. (2011). Effect of sucrose and methyl jasmonate on biomass and anthocyanin production in cell suspension culture of Melastoma malabathricum (Melastomaceae). Review of Biological Trop, 59 (2), 597-606.
  58. Sewedan, E., Osman, A.R & Moubarak, M. (2018). Effect of methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid on the production of Gladiolus grandifloras Nature and Science, 6(16).
  59. Shabani, L. & Ehsanpour, A.A. (2009). Induction of antioxidant enzymes, phenolic and flavonoid compounds in in vitro culture of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) using methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 21(3), 421-32. (In Farsi).
  60. Shannon, L.M. (1969). Plant isoenzymes. Annual Review of Biochemistry, 38, 189-210.
  61. Sharma, G., Alka, D. & Kumar, M. (2014). Medico-ethnobotany of plants surveyed and studied in district bijnor with special emphasis on their medicinal, religious and ornamental significance. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 4(6), 40-43.
  62. Shetty, S.M., Chandrashekar, A. & Venkatesh, Y.P. (2011). Eggplant polyphenol oxidase multigene family: cloning, phylogeny, expression analyses and immunolocalization in response to wounding. Phytochemistry, 72(18), 2275–2287.
  63. Singh, A. & Dwivedi, P. (2018). Methyl-jasmonate and salicylic acid as potent elicitors for secondary metabolite production in medicinal plants. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 7(1), 750-757.
  64. Soares, A.M.S., Souza, T.F., Jacinto, T. & Machado, O.L.T. (2010). Effect of methyl jasmonate on antioxidative enzyme activities and on the contents of ROS and H2O2 in Ricinus communis Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 22, 151-158.
  65. Szepesi, Á., Csiszár, J., Bajkán, S., Gémes, K., Horváth, F., Erdei, L., Deér, A.K., Simon, M.L. & Tari, I. (2005). Role of salicylic acid pre-treatment on the acclimation of tomato plants to salt- and osmotic stress. Acta Biologica Szegediensis, 49, 123-125.
  66. Umebese, C.E., Olatimilehin, T.O. & Ogunsusi, T.A. (2009). Salicylic acid protects nitrate reductase activity, growth and proline in amaranth and tomato plants during water deficit. American Journalof Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 4(3), 224-229.
  67. Walia, H., Wilson, C., Condamine, P., Liu, X., Ismail, A. & Close, T. (2007). Large-scale expression profiling and physiological characterization of jasmonic acid-mediated adaptation of barley to salinity stress. Journal of Plant, Cell and Environment, 4, 410-421.
  68. Wang, S. Y. (1999). Methyl jasmonate reduces water stress in strawberry. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 18, 127-134.
  69. Wartidiningsih, N. & Geneve, R.L. (1994a). Seed source and quality influence germination in purple coneflower [Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.]. HortScience, 29 (12), 1443-1444.
  70. Wong, C.E., Singh, M. B. & Bhalla, P.L. (2009). Floral initiation process at the soybean shoot apical meristem may involve multiple hormonal pathways. Plant Signal and Behavior, 7, 648-651.
  71. Yingbin, J., Jian, I., Xing, L. & Xing, D. (2016). Low concentrations of salicylic acid delay methyl jasmonate-induced leaf senescence by upregulating nitric oxide synthase activity. Journal of Experimental Botany, 67(17), 5233-5245.
  72. Youssef, S.M.S., El-Hady, S.A., Abu El-Azm, N.A.I. & El-Shinawy, M.Z. (2017). Foliar application of salicylic acid and calcium chloride enhances growth and productivity of lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Egyptian Journal of Horticulture, 44(1), 1-16.
  73. Zaidi, H.S. (2015). Salicylic acid induced adaptive response of sunflower (Helianthus annuus ) to drought stress, PhD Thesis in Botany. Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
  74. Zeb, A., Ullah, F., Gul, S.L., Khan, M., Zainub, B., Khan, M.N. & Amin, N. (2017). Influence of salicylic acid on growth and flowering of zinnia cultivars. Science International, 29(6), 1329-1335.
Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science
Volume 53, Issue 2
Summer 2022
Pages 405-422

  • Receive Date 10 September 2020
  • Revise Date 29 March 2021
  • Accept Date 18 May 2021