Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science

Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science

Leaf mineral nutrients composition and primary bud necrosis disorder in fruiting and de-fruited ‘Askari’ grapevine

Document Type : Full Paper

Authors
Bijan Kavoosi 1
Saeid Eshghi 2
Ramezan Rezazadeh 1
1 Assistant Professor, Horticulture Crops Research Department, Fars Agricultural Research and Natural Resource and education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Agriculture Collage Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
10.22059/ijhs.2017.63909
Abstract
Primary bud necrosis (PBN) of grapevine, which is a physiological disorder, seriously decreases the fruit yield of vineyards. This research was carried out to determine the effects of mineral deprivation on increasing the incidence of PBN in ‘Askari’ table grapes in Sisakht region of Southwest of Iran. For this purpose, the changes of mineral elements in leaves and PBN percentage were estimated on both fruiting and de-fruited ‘Askari’ vines. The experiment followed a factorial experiment in a randomized completely block design consisting of 10 × 2 (10 sampling dates × 2 treatments (fruited and de-fruited)) and four replicates was conducted. Eighty leaf samples were collected from vine clusters located in four blocks of commercial vineyard every 10 days starting 40 days after bud break (DAB) until 130 DAB. PBN was first studied by a hand lens and then by a microscope after dissecting the buds. The results showed that the initial symptoms of PBN appeared at 60 DAB. The PBN disorder progresses as bud development proceeds, with the higher percentage of PBN being observed in de-fruited vines than fruiting ones. In both fruiting and de-fruited vines at 60 DAB, the amount of iron content was close to the critical deficiency level whiles the concentration of elements such as Zn, B and Mn, was below the critical range. Furthermore, with increasing the concentration of Zn, B and Mn in leaves, PBN percentage significantly decreased.
Keywords
Nutrition
primary bud necrosis
Sisakht
Vitis vinifera L
Vineyards
Subjects
  1. Anonymous, (2012). FAO. Statistical database. Available in: http://faostat.fao.org/faostat/collection.
  2. Bains, K. S., Bindra, A. S. & Bal, J. S.  (1981). Seasonal changes in carbohydrate and mineral composition of vigorous and devitalized Anab-e-Shahi grapevines in relation to unfruitfulness. Vitis, (20), 311-319.
  3. Bindra, A. S. & Chohan, J. S. (1975). Flower-bud killing in Anab-e-Shahi grapes. Indian Journal Mycology Plant Pathology, (5), 63-68.
  4. Bremner, J. M. & Mulvaney, C. S. (1982). Total Nitrogen. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, part 2nd Ed. (eds. A. L. Page, R. H. Miller and D. R. Keeney). ASA, SSSA Monograph No. 9, Madison, Wisconsin. pp: 595-624.
  5. Candolfi-Vasconcelos, M. C. & Koblet, W. (1990). Yield, fruit quality, bud fertility and starch reserves of the wood as a function of leaf removal in Vitis vinifera - evidence of compensation and stress recovering. Vitis, (29), 199-221.
  6. Collier, G. F. & Tibbetts, T. W. (1983). Tipburn of lettuce. In:Janick J. (ed.) Horticultural Reviews. Westport, CT. The Saybrook Press Inc.
  7. Day, P. R. (1965). Particle fractionation and particle size analysis. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 1, (eds. Black CA, Evans DD, White JL, Ensminger LE, Clark FE), ASA Madison, Wisconsin. 545-566.
  8. Dry, P. R. & Coombe, B. G. (1994). Primary bud-axis necrosis of grapevine. I. Natural incidence and correlation with vigour. Vitis, (33), 225-230.
  9. Dry, P.R. (2000). Canopy management for fruitfulness. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research, (6), 109-115.
  10. Enideg, D. (2008). Importance of Ficus thonningii Blume in soil fertility improvement and animal nutrition in Gondar Zuria, Ethiopia. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Science, Vienna.
  11. Golomp, A. & Goldschmidt, F. F. (1981). Mineral balance of alternate bearing “Wilking” mandarins. Alon Hanotea, (35), 639-647. (Hebrew)
  12. Hartmann, H. T., Uriu, K. & Lilleland, O. (1966). Olive nutrition. Fruit nutrition. Horticultural Publications. Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, pp. 252-261.
  13. Jackson, D. I. & Lombard, P. B. (1993). Environmental and Management Practices Affecting Grape Composition and Wine Quality - A Review. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 44(4), 409-430.
  14. Jako, N. (1976). The relationship between nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium nutrition and growth of grapevines and cytokinin production by the roots. Szoleszet es Borazet, 1, 35-47.
  15. Kavousi, B., Eshghi, S., Tafazzoli, E. & Rahemi. M. (2012). A study of the disease occurrence date, severity and anatomical changes due to bud necrosis in different stages of growth and development of grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Askari). Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, 42(4), 349-356.
  16. Kavoosi, B., Eshghi, S., Tafazoli, E., Rahemi, M. & Emam, Y. (2013). Anatomical study and natural incidence of primary bud necrosis and its correlation with cane diameter, node position and sampling date in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Askari. Annals of Biological Research, 4(3), 163-172.
  17. Lavee, S., Melamud, H., Ziv, M. & Bernstein, Z. (1981). Necrosis in grapevine buds (Vitis vinifera cv. Queen of Vineyard) I. Relation to vegetative vigour. Vitis, (20), 8-14.
  18. Motomura, Y. (990). Distribution of 14C-assimilates from individual leaves on clusters in grape shoots. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, (41), 06-312.
  19. Mullins, M. G., Bouquet, A. & Williams, L. E. (2007). Biology of the grapevine.  University Press, Cambridge.
  20. Naito, R., Yamamura, H. & Munesue, S. (1987). Studies on the necrosis in grapevine buds (III) the time of the occurrence of bud necrosis in ‘Kyoho’ and the relation between its occurrence and the amounts of nutritional elements in buds. Bulletin, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shimane, (21), 10-17.
  21. Nelson, D. W & Sommers, L. E. (1982). Total carbon, organic carbon and organic matter. In: Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2, 2nd Edn. (eds. Page AL, Miller RH, Keeney DR.). ASA, SSSA Monograph No. 9, Madison, Wisconsin. 539-579.
  22. Perez-Harvey, J. (2008). Nutrition and irrigation related problem in table grapes. Acta. Horticulture, (785), 175- 181.
  23. Perez-Harvey, J. (1993). Avances en el conocimiento de la nutricion en vides. P. 197-221. In: Avances Recientes en Nutricion de Plantas Frutales y Vides. Seminario, Departamento de Fruticultura y Enologia Facultad de Agronomia, P. Universidad Catolica de Chile. 5-6 agosto, Santiago, Chile.
  24. Priestly, G. A. (1977). The annual turnover resources in young olive trees. Journal of Horticulture Science, 52, 105-112.
  25. Shikhamany, S. D. (1999). Physiology and cultural practices to produce seedless grapes in tropical environments. In: Anais do 90 Congresso Brasileiro de Viticultura e Enologia. pp: 43-48. Bento Gonçalves, Brazil. (Embrapa-CNPUV, Bento Gonçalves).
  26. Srinivasan, C. & Mullins, M. G. (1981). Physiology of Flowering in the Grapevine- a Review. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 32(1), 47-63.
  27. Ulger, S., Sonmez, S., Karkacier, M., Ertoy, N., Akdesir, O. & Aksu, M. (2004). Determination of endogenous hormones, sugars and mineral nutrition levels during the induction, in itiation and differentiation stage and their effects on flower formation in olive. Plant Growth Regulation, 42, 89-95.
  28. Wolf, T. K. & Warren, M. K. (1995). Shoot growth rate and density affect bud necrosis of ‘Riesling’ grapevines. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,120(6), 989-996.
Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science
Volume 48, Special Issue
Autumn 2017
Pages 53-62

  • Receive Date 13 June 2016
  • Revise Date 30 October 2016
  • Accept Date 01 November 2016