ارزیابی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی برخی از ژنوتیپ‌های وحشی دانه‌دار زرشک در منطقه ‏شاهرود

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

چکیده

زرشک یکی از محصول­های مهم باغبانی است که به دلیل ویژگی­های کم نظیر دارویی از جایگاه ممتازی بین محصولات باغبانی برخوردار است. هدف پژوهش حاضر ارزیابی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و بیو­شیمایی میوه برخی از ژنوتیپ­های وحشی دانه‏دار زرشک شاهرود جهت معرفی ژنوتیپ­های برتر برای مطالعات تکمیلی بوده است. طی پژوهش حاضر، 27 ژنوتیپ­ زرشک از سه منطقه نکارمن، اولنگ و ده‏خیر شاهرود انتخاب و برخی صفات مورفولوژیکی از جمله طول، عرض و وزن میوه و دانه، طول دم میوه، تعداد دانه در میوه، طول و عرض برگ، طول دمبرگ و همچنین صفات بیوشیمیایی از جمله فنل، فلاونوئید و آنتوسیانین­کل و فعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بین ژنوتیپ­ها از نظر صفات مورد ارزیابی تفاوت معنی­داری وجود دارد. بیشترین اندازه طول، عرض و وزن میوه و دانه، طول و عرض برگ، طول دمبرگ و خوشه و تعداد دانه در میوه در ژنوتیپ اولنگ 1 (OL1) مشاهده شد. وزن میوه در ژنوتیپ­های مورد مطالعه، از 09/0 در ژنوتیپ نکارمن5 (NK5) تا 28/0 گرم در ژنوتیپ اولنگ2 (OL1) و 27/0 گرم در اولنگ1 (OL1) متغیر بود. بیشترین میزان فنل کل (75 میلی‏گرم بر 100 میلی‏لیتر عصاره)، فلاونوئیدکل (2/37 میلی‏گرم بر 100 میلی‏لیتر عصاره) و فعالیت آنتی­اکسیدانی (38 درصد) در ژنوتیپ اولنگ3 (OL3) مشاهده شد. ژنوتیپ‌های جمع آوری شده از منطقه نکارمن دارای آنتوسیانین بالاتری بودند. بر اساس محاسبه ضریب تنوع فنوتیپی، بیشترین و کمترین میران تنوع به ترتیب در شاخص کروما (109 درصد) و صفت طول خوشه (10/6 درصد) بدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of some morphological and biochemical characteristics of wild seeded ‎barberry genotypes (Berberis L.) in Shahrood region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Laya Khoshandam 1
  • Alireza Farokhzad 2
  • Mehdi Rezaei 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran‎
چکیده [English]

Barberry is one of the most important horticultural crops that has a privileged position among horticultural products due to its unique medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological and biochemical characteristics of the fruit of some wild barberry genotypes in Shahroud to introduce the superior genotypes. 27 barberry genotypes were selected from three regions of Shahroud (Nekarman, Olang and Dehkhair), and sampling from each genotype was done in three replications. Morphological traits including fruit width and length, fruit weight, fruit tail length, seed width and length, seeds weight, number of seeds per fruit, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, as well as total phenol and flavonoid, anthocyanins content and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the genotypes in terms of the evaluated traits. The highest length, width and weight of fruit, seed length and width, seeds weight, seeds number per fruit, leaf length and width, petiole and cluster length were observed in Olang 1 (OL1) genotype. Fruit weight in the studied genotypes, varied from 0.09 in Nekarman 5 (NK5) to 0.28 g in OL2 and 0.27 g in OL1 genotypes. The highest amount of phenol (75 mg/g FW), flavonoids (37.2 mg/100 g FW) and antioxidant activity (38%) were recorded in OL3 genotype. Genotypes collected from Neckarman region had considrable anthocyanins content. According to the results, the highest (109%) and lowest (6.10%) amount of phenotypic coefficient of variation were observed for chroma index and cluster length, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidants
  • barberry
  • medicinal plants
  • total phenol

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 4
دی 1401
صفحه 869-880

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 آذر 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 فروردین 1401

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