بررسی کارایی هندوانه ابوجهل (‏Citrullus colocynthis‏) و کیوانو (‏Cucumis metuliferus‏) ‏به‌عنوان پایه برای خیار جهت افزایش مقاومت به تنش شوری در مقایسه با پایه تجاری کبالت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران

3 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران

چکیده

شوری آب و خاک، یکی از دلایل کاهش عملکرد خیار می­باشد. برای امکان­سنجی استفاده از دو پایه غیرتجاری جهت ایجاد مقاومت به شوری در خیار و مقایسه آن با پایه تجاری کبالت، آزمایشی در مرزعه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه اراک بصورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی اجرا شد. عامل اول تنش شوری در سه سطح )بدون تنش، 30 میلی­مولار و 60 میلی­مولار نمک طعام(  و عامل دوم پایه در چهار سطح خیار غیرپیوندی، پایه هندوانه ابوجهل(Citrullus colocynthis)، پایه کیوانو (Cucumis metuliferus) و پایه تجاری کبالت (C. maxima×C. moschata) بود. نتایج نشان داد افزایش مقدار شوری منجر به کاهش معنی­دار طول ساقه، درصد وزن خشک ساقه، برگ و میوه شد. پایه تجاری کبالت بیشترین طول ساقه، بیشترین نسبت طول به عرض میوه و کمترین محتوای مالون‌دی­آلدهید در شرایط تنش شوری را دارا بود. پایه هندوانه ابوجهل از نظر درصد وزن خشک ساقه، کلروفیل کل برگ، کارتنوئید برگ، محتوای نسبی آب برگ و کاهش مقدار سدیم برگ در شرایط شوری نسبت به سایر پایه­ها و خیار غیرپیوندی کارایی بهتری داشت. بیشترین درصد وزن خشک برگ و میوه، فنل کل و پتاسیم برگ در خیار پیوندی روی پایه کیوانو مشاهده شد. نتایج نشان داد پایه­های هندوانه ابوجهل و کیوانو را می­توان به­عنوان پایه­های مناسب و سازگار با شرایط تنش شوری برای پیوند خیار معرفی نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation the efficiency of Citrullus colocynthis and Cucumis metuliferus as ‎rootstocks for cucumber to increase the salinity resistance compared to the ‎commercial rootstock of Cobalt

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Bikdeloo 1
  • Ahmad Reza Abbasifar 2
  • Hamid Reza Roosta 3
1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Arak University, Arak, Iran‎
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Arak University, Arak, Iran‎
3 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Arak University, Arak, Iran‎
چکیده [English]

Water and soil salinity is one of the reasons for the reduction of cucumber yield. In order to verify the feasibility of using two non-commercial rootstocks to increase salinity resistance in cucumber and compare it with the commercial rootstock of Cobalt RZ F1, an experiment was conducted in the research farm of agricultural faculty of Arak University in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design. The first factor was salinity stress at three levels (no stress, 30 mM and 60 mM NaCl) and the second factor was rootstocks at four levels included non-grafted cucumber, colocynth (Citrullus colocynthis), kiwano (Cucumis metuliferus) and Cobalt (C. maxima×C. moschata). The results showed that increasing the amount of salinity led to a significant decrease in the stem length, stem, leaf and fruit dry weight percentage. The Cobalt rootstock had the highest stem length, the highest length to fruit width ratio and the lowest increase in malondialdehyde content under salinity stress. The colocynth rootstock had better performance in terms of dry weight percentage of stem, total leaf chlorophyll, leaf carotenoid, relative leaf water content and reduction of leaf sodium content in saline conditions compared to other rootstocks and non-grafted cucumber. The highest amounts of total phenol content, leaf potassium content and percentage of leaf and fruit dry weight were observed in grafted cucumber on kiwano rootstock. The results showed that colocynth and kiwano rootstocks can be introduced as suitable and compatible rootstocks to increase salinity tolerance in grafted cucumbers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cucurbitaceae
  • grafting
  • physiological traits
  • vegetative traits‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 3
آذر 1401
صفحه 807-822

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 آذر 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 بهمن 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 بهمن 1400

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