بررسی تاثیر نسبت نیترات به آمونیوم و بسترکشت بر کیفیت ارکیده فالانوپسیس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، باغ گیاهشناسی نوشهر، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها‎ ‎و مراتع کشور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تاثیر نسبت نیترات به آمونیوم و بسترکشت بر کیفیت گل ارکیده فالانوپسیس آزمایشی بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام گرفت. عامل اول رقم در دو سطح (Kobe و Memphi)، عامل دوم نیتروژن در چهار سطح (نسبت‌های نیترات کلسیم به نیترات آمونیوم به ترتیب بصورت 90/10، 75/25، 50/50 و 25/75) و عامل سوم بستر کشت در سه سطح (دو قسمت کمپوست پوست درختان سوزنی برگ(عمدتاً کاج) و یک قسمت پرلیت، دو قسمت کمپوست برگ چنار و یک قسمت پرلیت، دو قسمت پیت ماس و یک قسمت پرلیت (به عنوان شاهد) بود. نتایج نشان داد در نسبت 75/25 نیترات کلسیم به نیترات آمونیوم، بیشترین میزان کلسیم، وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی و زیرزمینی و همچنین بیشترین عمر پس از برداشت گل به مدت 62/12 روز بدست آمد. در بستر کشت با ترکیب دو قسمت پیت و یک قسمت پرلیت بالاترین وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی حاصل شد که از نظر آماری هم­سطح  با برگ چنار بود. در مجموع نتایج نشان داد که نسبت آمونیوم برای تغذیه ارکیده در هر دو رقم نباید بیش 25 درصد باشد. دو قسمت کمپوست برگ چنار با یک قسمت از مواد تهویه ای مانند پرلیت می‌تواند بستر مناسبی برای تولید ارکیده باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the effect of nitrate to ammonium ratio and substrate on the quality of ‎Phalaenopsis orchid ‎

نویسنده [English]

  • Vali Karimi
Assistant Professor, Botanical Garden of Nowshahr, Researcher of Institute of Forests and Range lands, Tehran, Iran‎
چکیده [English]

The experiment was performed as a completely randomized factorial with three replications. Experimental treatments included Kobe and Memphis cultivars, four levels of nitrogen and three types of substrates. Nitrogen sources in the ratio of calcium nitrate to ammonium nitrate were 90:10, 75:25, 50:50 and 25:75, respectively. Culture media include; 1- Compost of coniferous bark (mainly pine) in the ratio of 2 parts of bark and one part of perlite, 2- Two parts of plantain leaf compost and one part of perlite, 3-  Peat moss with a ratio of 2 parts peat and one part perlite (as a control). The results showed that in the ratio of 75:25 calcium nitrate to ammonium nitrate, the highest amount of calcium, fresh and dry weight of aerial and underground organs and also, the longest post harvesting was obtained for 12.62 days. In the substrate with a combination of two parts of peat and one part of perlite, the highest wet and dry weight of shoots were obtained that it was statistically flush with the plane leaf. Overall, the results showed that the ratio of ammonium for feeding orchids in both cultivars should not be more than 25%. Two parts plane leaf compost to one part of a mixture with an aeration material such as perlite can be a good substrate for orchid production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Compost
  • nitrogen
  • plane leaf

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 53، شماره 3
آذر 1401
صفحه 579-590

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 آبان 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 04 دی 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 22 دی 1400

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