اثر تنش شوری بر ویژگی‌های رشدی، مقدار سدیم و کلر برگ قلمه‌های ریشه‌دار شده تعدادی از ‏ارقام انار در منطقه اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، پردیس دانشگاهی، دانشگاه گیلان، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

3 استادیار بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، ‏آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان

4 استادیار بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان ‏تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان

چکیده

در این پژوهش، تاثیر غلظت‌های مختلف کلریدسدیم (شاهد، 3، 6، 9 و 12 دسی‌زیمنس بر­متر) بر برخی ویژگی­های رشدی و مقدار کلر و سدیم برگ نهال­های هشت رقم انار (ملس ساوه، ملس اصفهان، رباب قرمز شیراز، گبری یزد، گبری ترش یزد، زاغ سفید یزد، زاغ ترش یزد و ملس طوق پیشوا) بررسی شد. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­ کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. ویژگی­های رشدی و مقدار سدیم و کلر برگ در پایان آزمایش اندازه­گیری شدند. با افزایش میزان شوری، ارتفاع و قطر گیاه، تعداد شاخه­ها و شاخص‌کلروفیل برگ کاهش، اما نکروزه برگ، ریزش برگ و کلر و سدیم برگ افزایش یافت. شوری آب تا 3 دسی­زیمنس­بر­متر باعث افزایش جزئی وزن­تر و خشک شاخساره شد، اما بالاتر از آن باعث کاهش آنها گردید. کم‌ترین کاهش ارتفاع نهال در رقم ملس طوق پیشوا، رباب قرمز شیراز و گبری یزد بود. در شوری 6 و 12 دسی‌زیمنس‌برمتر رقم‎های زاغ سفید­یزد و گبری­یزد کم‌ترین ریزش برگ داشتند. در شوری6 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر رقم‎های زاغ سفید یزد و ملس اصفهان کمترین میزان نکروز را نشان دادند. در شوری 9و 12 دسی‌زیمنس‌برمتر رقم‎های ملس ساوه و رباب قرمز شیراز به ترتیب بیشترین نکروز برگ را نسبت به شاهد نشان دادند. در شوری‌ 6 و 12 دسی‌زیمنس‌برمتر رقم‌های گبری ترش یزد و ملس اصفهان به ترتیب کم‌ترین کاهش شاخص کلروفیل برگ را نسبت به شاهد نشان دادند. کم‌ترین مقدار تجمع یون‎های کلر و سدیم برگ در شوری12 دسی‌زیمنس‌برمتر در رقم‎های ملس طوق پیشوا و زاغ سفید یزد مشاهده شد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of salt stress on growth characteristics and leaf chlorine and sodium content ‎of rooted cuttings of some pomegranate cultivars in Esfahan region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmail Jadidi 1
  • Mahmood Ghasemnezhad 2
  • Maryam Tatari 3
  • hamid Reza Salemi 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture, University Campus, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran ‎
3 Assistant Professor, Horticulture Crops Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources ‎Research and Education Center, AREEO, Isfahan, Iran.‎
4 Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and ‎Education Center (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the effect of different concentrations of sodium chloride (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 ds/m) on growth characteristics and leaves sodium and chlorine content of eight pomegranate cultivars (Malas Saveh, Malas Esfahan, Rabab Qermez Shiraz, Gabry Yazd, Gabry Torosh Yazd, Zaq Sefid Yazd, Zaq Torsh Yazd and Malas Toq Peshva) was investigated. The experiment was carried out as a factorial based on randomized block designs with three replications. At the end of study, growth characteristics and leaves sodium and chlorine content were determined. With increasing salinity, plant height and diameter, branches number and leaf chlorophyll index were decreased, but the leave necrosis and chlorine and sodium concentration were increased. Shoots fresh and dry weight were increased slightly when salinity increased up to 3 dS/m and thereafter decreased.. The lowest leaf abscission was found in Zaqe Sefid Yazd and Gabry Yazd when treated with 6 and 12 dS/m. At 12 dS/m, the lowest leaf necrosis was found in Malas Esfahan, but at 6 dS/m, Zaq Sefid Yazd and Malas Esfahan showed the lowest decreasing percent respectively. At 9 and 12 dS/m Malas Saveh and Rabab Qermaz Shiraz showed the highest leave necrosis as compared to the control. In salinity of 6 and 12 dS/m, the Gabry Torosh Yazd and Malas Esfahan cultivars showed the lowest decreasing in chlorophyll leaf index respectively. The lowest chlorine and sodium accumulation at 12 dS/m was observed in Malas Toq Pishva and Zaq Sefid Yazd cultivars.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorine
  • ion toxicity
  • leave necrosis
  • sodium
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