مطالعه تاثیر کاربرد کود دامی بر گیاه پالایی رعنازیبا (‏Gaillardia grandiflora‏)‏ و جذب سرب از خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم باغی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، کرج، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران ‏

5 استادیار، گروه زراعت، واحد شهر قدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد کود دامی بر گیاه‏پالایی گیاه رعنازیبا آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتور سال در کرت‏های اصلی و فاکتورهای سرب در چهار سطح (صفر، 40، 80 و 120 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک) و فاکتور کاربرد کود دامی در سه سطح (صفر، 25 و 50 گرم بر کیلوگرم خاک) به صورت فاکتوریل در کرت‏های فرعی بودند. تنش اکسیداتیو ناشی از افزایش غلظت سرب در خاک باعث کاهش محتوای کلروفیل شد که در نهایت منجر به کاهش رشد و همچنین زیست‌توده گیاه گردید. با افزایش غلظت سرب در خاک فعالیت آنزیم­های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز در برگ ابتدا افزایش و سپس کاهش یافت، در حالی­که فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسیددیسموتاز به بالاترین مقدار در بیشترین میزان غلظت سرب در خاک افزایش یافت. استفاده از کود دامی با بهبود کلروفیل و در نهایت رشد گیاه، سمیت سرب را در گیاهان کاهش داد. کاربرد کود دامی با افزایش فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی­اکسیدانی باعث کاهش پراکسیداسیون لیپیدهای غشا و پراکسید هیدروژن در گیاه شد و در نتیجه شدت تنش را در گیاهان رعنازیبا کاهش داد. تیمار 50 گرم بر کیلوگرم کود دامی تحت 120 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم سرب از بالاترین محتوای سرب اندام هوایی و ریشه به ترتیب با 72/0 و 96/1 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم برخوردار بود و بالاترین محتوای پرولین برگ نیز در این تیمار حاصل شد. بنابراین می­توان نتیجه گرفت که تیمار کود دامی نقش امیدوارکننده­ای در افزایش جذب سرب از خاک و کاهش اثرات سمی بر گیاه رعنازیبا دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on effect of manure on phytoremediation of blanket flower ‎‎(Gaillardia grandiflora) and soil lead uptake

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Javad Bahmanzadegan Jahromi 1
  • Vahid Abdossi 2
  • Saeed Samavat 3
  • Ali Mohamadi Torkashvand 4
  • Hamid Mozafari 5
1 Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, ‎Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, ‎Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Soil and Water Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran ‎
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of farmyard manure application on phytoremediation of blanket flower a split factorial experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design with four replications was carried out. The factor year was in main plots and lead factors at four levels (0, 40, 80 and 120 mg/kg soil) and farmyard manure application at three levels (0, 25 and 50 g/kg soil) was in sub plots. Oxidative stress caused by increasing the concentration of lead in the soil reduced the chlorophyll content, which ultimately led to reduction of plant growth as well as plant biomass. With increasing of Pb concentration in soil, activities of catalase and peroxidase in leaves, first increased and then declined, while superoxide dismutase enzyme activity ascending up to highest level of Pb concentration. The application of farmyard manure by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes reduced the peroxidation of membrane lipids and hydrogen peroxide in the plant and thus reduced the intensity of stress in blanket flower. Application of farmyard manure increased the lead concentration in the roots and shoots of blanket flower, so that the the highest lead content of shoots and roots was founded in 50 g/kg of farmyard manure under 120 mg/kg of lead in rate of 0.72 and 1.96 mg/kg, respectively, and the highest leaf proline content was obtained in this treatment. So, it can be concluded that manure fertilizer play a promising role in increasing the Pb uptake and reducing its phytotoxicity on blanket flower.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant enzymes
  • biomass
  • heavy metals
  • organic matter
  • phytoremediation
  • proline‎

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 اسفند 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 خرداد 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 تیر 1400

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