ویژگی‌های رویشی و زایشی نارنگی انشو میاگاوا با پایه سوینگل‌سیتروملو در دامنه و دشت شرق ‏مازندران

اخلاقی امیری, نگین; اسدی کنگرشاهی, علی

doi:10.22059/ijhs.2021.308459.1836

ویژگی‌های رویشی و زایشی نارنگی انشو میاگاوا با پایه سوینگل‌سیتروملو در دامنه و دشت شرق ‏مازندران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استادیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاهان زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، ‏آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران

² استادیار، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، ‏آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران

10.22059/ijhs.2021.308459.1836

چکیده

امروزه وجود انواع تنش‌های زنده و غیر زنده، تحقیق با پایه‌های مختلف در شرایط اقلیمی و خاکی متفاوت را ضروری کرده است. ازاین‌رو، روند رشد و برخی ویژگی‌های زایشی نارنگی انشو میاگاوا روی پایه سوینگل‌سیتروملو در دو پایلوت دشت و دامنه در شرق استان مازندران طی 10 سال بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد درختان روی این پایه، پر رشد و دارای عملکرد بالا (62 کیلوگرم در درخت) بودند. تجانس پایه و پیوند در هر دو پایلوت 8/0 بود. حجم تاج درختان در پایان آزمایش در دشت به 09/19 و در دامنه به 62/11 مترمکعب رسید، بنابراین توصیه می‌شود تعداد درختان دشت و دامنه به‌ترتیب به بیش از 600 و 800 اصله در هکتار افزایش داده شود. با وجود وقوع چندین تنش سرما و یخبندان، بقای این ترکیب پایه و پیوند در هر دو پایلوت 100 درصد بود، گرچه درختان دامنه در اثر یخبندان وارد چرخه تناوب‌باردهی شدند، به‌طوری‌که شاخص تناوب‌باردهی درختان در پایان آزمایش در دشت، 23/0 درصد و در دامنه 67/0 درصد بود. زمان مناسب برداشت در هر دو پایلوت، اواسط مهر بود. میوه‌های دشت، وزن و عصاره بیشتر (به‌ترتیب 6/7 گرم و 8/5 درصد)، پوست صاف‌تر و شاخص برداشت بالاتری (64/1 واحد) داشتند، درمقابل، میوه‌های دامنه شکل پخ‌تر، پوست ضخیم‌تر (35/0 میلی‌متر) و وزن پوست، قند، اسید کل و ویتامین‌ ث بیشتری (به‌ترتیب 7/8 ، 25 ، 62 و 6/28 درصد) داشتند. به‌طورکلی، درختان دشت، میوه‌های با کیفیت ظاهری بیشتر و عملکرد سالانه منظم‌تر و پایدارتری داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.2008482.1401.53.1.9.7

عنوان مقاله [English]

Vegetative and reproductive characteristics of Miyagawa Satsuma mandarin on ‎Swingle citrumelo in alluvial and piedmont-plain of East Mazandaran

نویسندگان [English]

Negin Akhlaghi Amiri ¹
Ali Asadi Kangarshahi ²

¹ Assistant Professor, Horticulture Crops Research Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and ‎Education Center, AREEO, Sari, Iran

² Assistant Professor, Soil and Water Department, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, ‎AREEO, Sari, Iran

چکیده [English]

Today, the existence of various biotic and abiotic stresses has necessitated research with different rootstocks in different climatic and soil conditions. So, the growth trend and some characteristics of Miyagawa Satsuma mandarin on Swingle citrumelo rootstock in alluvial and piedmont plain in East Mazandaran during 10 years were evaluated. The results showed that the trees on this rootstock were vigorous and had high yield (62 kg per tree). The affinity of scion and rootstock in both locations was 0.8. The tree canopy volume at the end of the experiment was 19.09 in alluvial and 11.62 m³in piedmont plain. So it is recommended to increase the number of alluvial and piedmont plain trees to more than 600 and 800 plants/hectare, respectively. Despite several frost stresses during 10 years, the survival of rootstock and scion compound was 100 % in both locations, however, the piedmont trees entered the alternate bearing cycle as at the end of the experiment, the trees alternate bearing index was 0.23 % in alluvial and 0.67 % in piedmont plain. The best harvest time for both locations was early October. Fruits of the alluvial plain had more weight and extract (7.6 g and 5.8 %), smoother peel, and higher harvest index (1.64 units); In contrast, fruits of the piedmont was more oblate and had thicker peel (0.35 mm) and higher peel weight, sugar, total acid and vitamin C (8.7, 25, 62 and 28.6 %, respectively). In general, the trees in alluvial location had higher visual quality fruits and a more regular and stable annual yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Alternate bearing
frost resistance
fruit quality
harvest time
yield‎

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