تاثیر تنش کمآبی بر شاخص‌های رشدی، فلورسانس کلروفیل و ترکیبات اسانس مرزنجوش آمریکایی ‏‏(‏Origanum vulgare subsp. vulgare‏)‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران ‏

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران ‏

3 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران ‏

چکیده

کمآبی در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک رشد، عملکرد و تولید ترکیبات مؤثره مرزنجوش را تحت تاثیر قرار می‌دهد. به‌منظور بررسی اثر تنش کم­آبی بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاه مرزنجوش (Origanum vulgare L.)، آزمایشی گلخانه­ای به صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تیمار و سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل بدون تنش (100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی)، تنش ملایم (۷۵ درصد ظرفیت زراعی)، تنش متوسط (۵۵ درصد ظرفیت زراعی) و تنش شدید (۳۵ درصد ظرفیت زراعی) بودند. نتایج نشان داد ارتفاع بوته، وزن­ خشک، نسبت وزن برگ و گل‌آذین به ساقه، شاخص کلروفیل و محتوای نسبی آب برگ تحت تنش کم­آبی کاهش یافتند. بیشترین درصد اسانس (15/1 درصد) و کمترین آسیب به صفات رشدی در تنش ملایم مشاهده گردید. همچنین تنش ملایم بطور معنی­داری پارامترهای فلورسانس کلروفیل (Y(NO) و Fv) را در مقایسه با تنش متوسط و شدید کاهش داد. آنالیز ترکیبات اسانس نشان داد، sabinene، (Z)-β-ocimene، (E)-β-ocimene، (E)-caryophyllene و germacren D جزء ترکیبات غالب اسانس بودند. بیشترین میزانγ-Terpinene  و (E)-caryophyllene در تنش ملایم مشاهده گردید که نسبت به تیمار شاهد به‌ترتیب 1/344 و 28/14 درصد افزایش یافت. بطور کلی نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد تنش ملایم می‌تواند در بهبود عملکرد کمی و کیفی مرزنجوش مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of water stress on growth indices, chlorophyll fluorescence and essential oil ‎compositions of American oregano (Origanum vulgare subsp. vulgare)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roya Emrahi 1
  • Mohammad Reza Morshedioo 2
  • Abdollah Javanmard 2
  • Ali Ostadi 3
1 M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, ‎Maragheh, Iran
2 Assocaite Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
3 Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the arid and semiarid regions, water stress mainly affects the growth, yield and secondary metabolit production of oregano. In order to determine the effect water stress on growth, physiological and phytochemicals characteristic of American oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), a greenhouse study based on a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications was performed. The plants, were subjected to four water stress conditions, including no water stress (field moisture capacity), mild (75 % FMC), moderate (55 % FMC) and sever water stress (35 % FMC). The results showed that the plant height, dry matter yield, the ratio of inflorescence weight/stem, chlorophyll index and relative water content were reduced under water stress. The highest essential oil content (1.15 %) was observed under mild water stress. Also, mild water stress significantly decreased the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Y(NO) and Fv) in compared with moderate and severe water stress. Analysis of the essential oil components demonstrated that in all treatements, sabinene, (Z)-β-ocimene, (E)-β-ocimene, (E)-caryophyllene, germacrene D and γ-terpinene were the major components. The highest amount of γ-terpinene (16.79 %) and (E)-caryophyllene (9.92 %) were observed in mild water stress which increased by 344.1 % and 14.28 % compared with control, respectively. Based on the obtained results, mild water stress significantly ameliorate the quality and quantity of oregano.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll fluorescence
  • drought stress
  • essential oil content
  • oregano‎

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 شهریور 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 شهریور 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 مهر 1400

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