ارزیابی استفاده از پسماندهای صنایع کشاورزی غنی‌شده با مکمل‌های غذایی بر عملکرد، ارزش ‏دارویی و غذایی قارچ یال شیر (‏Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Persoon‎‏)‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

4 مربی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

5 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به اینکه بستر کشت معمول برای تولید قارچ­های خوراکی- دارویی تراشه چوب درختان می­باشد. اما جایگزینی سایر ترکیبات لیگنوسلولزی مختلف همراه با غنی سازی با مکمل­های شیمیایی از اهمیت زیادی در تولید اندام بارده قارچ برخوردار می­باشد هدف این پژوهش بررسی بسترهای کشت ترکیبی و غیر ترکیبی و بررسی برخی از ویژگی­های رویشی، زایشی، ارزش تغذیه­ای و دارویی قارچ یال شیر جدایه ایرانی بود. تیمارها شامل باگاس نیشکر با تراشه چوب صنوبر (به نسبت 50 به 50)، باگاس نیشکر با سبوس برنج (70 به 30)، تراشه چوب صنوبر با سبوس برنج (65 به 35)، تراشه چوب صنوبر، باگاس نیشکر، کلش گندم، باگاس نیشکر با ضایعات درخت خرما (60 به 40)، تراشه چوب صنوبر با ضایعات درخت خرما (65 به 35)، ضایعات درخت خرما و سبوس گندم با ضایعات درخت خرما (40 به 60) بودند که با مکمل های شیمیایی نیترات آمونیوم (80 میکروگرم بر گرم ماده خشک بستر کشت)، سولفات منگنز (20 میکروگرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک بستر کشت) و نانو منگنز اکسید (20 میکروگرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک بستر کشت) غنی شدند. نتایج نشان داد در بستر کشت ترکیبی برگ نخل خرما و سبوس گندم مرحله رشد رویشی قارچ در کمترین زمان کامل گردید. قارچ­های تولید شده از بستر کشت ترکیبی باگاس نیشکر با تراشه چوب صنوبر بیشترین مقدار پلی ساکارید کل اندام میوه­ای را داشتند. همچنین بیشترین عملکرد کل اندام میوه­ای قارچ (وزن تر) به بستر کشت ترکیبی باگاس نیشکر با تراشه چوب صنوبر غنی‌شده با مکمل نانو منگنز اکسید اختصاص داشت. بیشترین مقدار ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی (45/73 درصد) به قارچ­های تولیدشده بر روی بسترهای کشت ترکیبی باگاس نیشکر و تراشه چوب صنوبر غنی‌شده با مکمل نانو منگنز اکسید اختصاص داشت. همچنین بیشترین مقدار کلسیم اندام میوه­ای قارچ (07/23 میلی­گرم در 100 گرم ماده خشک قارچ) به بستر کشت ترکیبی تراشه چوب صنوبر با سبوس برنج (به نسبت 65 به 35)  غنی‌شده با نیترات آمونیوم اختصاص داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the use of agricultural industry wastes enriched with nutritional ‎supplements on yield, medicinal and nutritional value of Lion's mane mushroom ‎‎(Hercium erinaceus (Bull.) Persoon)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahin Sheibak 1
  • Dariush Ramezan 2
  • Mahmoud Tavakoli 2
  • Alireza samzadeh-kermani 3
  • Reza Bagheri 4
  • Behnaz Yousefshahi 5
1 M. Sc. Student,, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
2 Assistant Professor and Instructor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
4 Instructor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
5 Ph. D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture Gorgan University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Due to the fact that the common substrate for production most of the edible-pharmaceutical mushrooms is the sawdust of trees. But the replacement of other lignocellulosic compounds with enrichment with chemical supplements is of great importance in the production of fruiting body of mushroom. In this study, which was conducted at Zabol University in 1997, the substrates were prepared based on various agricultural wastes. The aim of this study was to investigate composition and non-composition substrates, and to investigate some vegetative, reproductive, nutritional and medicinal properties of iranian isolate Hericium erinaceus (Lion's mane). Treatments included sugarcane bagasse + poplar sawdust (50 to 50), sugarcane bagasse + rice bran (70 to 30), poplar sawdust + rice bran (65 to 35), poplar sawdust, sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse + date palm sawdust (60 to 40), poplar sawdust + date palm sawdust (65 to 35), date palm sawdust and wheat bran + date palm sawdust (40 to 60) that enriched with chemical supplements of ammonium nitrate (80 ug. g d.m), manganese sulfate (20 ug.kg d.m) and nano-manganese oxide (20 ug.kg.dm). The results showed that in the composition substrate of date palm leaf and wheat bran, the vegetative growth of the mushroom was completed in the shortest time. Mushrooms produced from composition substrate sugarcane bagasse with poplar sawdust had the highest amount of total polysaccharides of fruit body as well as highest yield of fruit body of mushroom (fresh weight) belongs to composition substrate sugarcane bagasse with poplar sawdust enriched with nano-manganese oxide supplement. The highest values of antioxidant capacity (73.45%) were attributed to mushrooms produced on composition substrates sugarcane bagasse with poplar sawdust enriched with nano-manganese oxide supplement. Also, the highest amounts of calcium (23.07mg/100g dry matter of mushroom) in the fruit body belong to the composition substrates of poplar sawdust with rice bran enriched with ammonium nitrate (65 to 35).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural wastes
  • lion's mane mushroom
  • mycelium colonization
  • nutritional supplement

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 52، شماره 4
بهمن 1400
صفحه 799-812

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 دی 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 دی 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 دی 1399

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