اثر طول روز و اسید‌جیبرلیک بر برخی شاخص‌های مورفولوژی و بیوشیمیایی گل داوودی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

4 استادیار، پژوهشکده علوم گیاهی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

به منظور تسریع زمان گلدهی در چهار رقم داوودی دیرگلده، تأثیر غلظت‌های مختلف اسید‌جیبرلیک و طول روز بر زمان گلدهی و برخی خصوصیت‌های کمی و کیفی، آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تیمار و چهار تکرار اجرا شد. رقم شامل رقم‌های آریامنش، رکسانا، دینا و اوران بودند. تیمار اسید‌جیبرلیک در چهار سطح (0، 75، 150 و 300 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) و زمان محلولپاشی  در دو سطح (30 و 45 روز بعد از انتقال نشا) اعمال شدند. تیمار طول روز در سه سطح شامل 16ساعت روشنایی- 8 ساعت تاریکی (شاهد)، 12 ساعت روشنایی- 12 ساعت تاریکی و 8 ساعت روشنایی و 16 ساعت تاریکی بودند. در این آزمایش کرت اصلی و فرعی به ترتیب طول روز و اسید جیبرلیک بودند. صفات مورد مطالعه شامل طول ساقه گل‌دهنده‌، تعداد گل، قطرگل، وزن خشک گل و برگ، محتوی رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی، پراکسیداز و تعداد روز تا گلدهی بود. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین تعداد گل، قطر و وزن خشک گل در تیمار 300 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر اسید‌جیبرلیک و 16 ساعت تاریکی حاصل شد. زمان گلدهی نیز در تیمار 300 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر اسید‌جیبرلیک و 16 ساعت تاریکی نسبت به شاهد حدود 21 روز تسریع گردید. همچنین رقم دینا به عنوان بهترین رقم در پاسخ به سطوح مختلف اسید جیبرلیک و کاهش طول روز شناخته شد، به‌طوری که تعداد روز تا رسیدن به گلدهی در این رقم نسبت به سایر رقم‌های مورد آزمایش کاهش قابل توجهی نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of day length and gibberrelic acid on some morphological and biochemical ‎characteristics of chrysanthemum

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nasim Zarrin 1
  • Mahmoud Shoor 2
  • Ali Tehranifar 3
  • Zahra Karimian 4
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of ‎Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Associate Professor and Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Research Center for Plant Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to accelerate the flowering time in four late flowering chrysanthemum cultivars, the effect of different concentrations of gibberellic acid and day length on flowering time and some quantitative and qualitative characteristics, an experiment was conducted as a factorial split plot in a completely randomized design with three treatments and four replications. Cultivars included Ariamanesh, Roxana, Dina and Oran. Gibberellic acid treatment at four levels (0, 75, 150 and 300 mg/ l) and foliar application time at two levels (30 and 45 days after transplanting) were applied. Daytime treatments at three levels included 16 hours of light - 8 hours of darkness (control), 12 hours of light - 12 hours of darkness and 8 hours of light - 16 hours of darkness. In this experiment, the main and sub plots were day length and gibberellic acid, respectively. The studied traits included flowering stem length, flower number, flower diameter, dry weight of flowers and leaves, content of photosynthetic pigments, peroxidase and number of days to flowering. The results showed that the highest flower number, diameter and dry weight of flowers were obtained in the treatment of 300 mg/l gibberellic acid and 16 hours of darkness. Flowering time was accelerated by 300 mg/l gibberellic acid and 16 hours in the dark compared to the control for about 21 days. Dina cultivar was also recognized as the best cultivar in response to different levels of gibberellic acid and reduction in day length, so that the number of days to flowering in this cultivar compared to other cultivars showed a significant decrease.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Day to flowering
  • peroxidase
  • photosynthesis pigments‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 4
اسفند 1399
صفحه 979-993

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 مرداد 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 بهمن 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 بهمن 1397

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