مطالعه کارایی قارچ‌های میکوریز آربوسکولار بر بهبود برخی شاخص‌های رشد پایه ریز‌ازدیادی گلابی ‏‏(پیرودوارف) تحت تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر(عج) رفسنجان، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه ولی عصر(عج) رفسنجان، ایران ‏

3 دانشیار مرکز تحقیقات سلامت پسته، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان، ایران، کد پستی: 7717735979‏

4 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر(عج) رفسنجان، ایران

5 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی عصر(عج) رفسنجان، ایران

چکیده

یکی از مشکلات مهم در مورد تولید تجاری گیاهان ریز‌ازدیادی، بقای کم و رشد ضعیف بعد از مرحله انتقال می‌باشد. به‌منظور مطالعه تأثیر همزیستی قارچ‌های میکوریز بر استقرار، بقا، جنبه‌های مختلف رشد و همچنین میزان جذب عناصر غذایی نهال‌های گلابی حاصل از ریز‌ازدیادی پایه پیرودوارف در شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با دو فاکتور شامل میکوریز در دو سطح (با میکوریز و بدون میکوریز) و تنش خشکی در سه سطح (دور آبیاری سه، پنج و هفت روز یک بار) در سه تکرار در شرایط گلخانه‌ای اجرا شد. دو ماه پس از اعمال تنش خشکی، گیاهان برداشت شدند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد همزیستی میکوریزی موجب افزایش معنی‌دار شاخص‌های رویشی در تمامی سطوح تنش خشکی شد. به‌طوری که سطح برگ کل، ارتفاع ساقه، وزن تر کل برگ و وزن خشک ریشه نهال‌های میکوریزایی در مقایسه با شاهد به‌ترتیب 6/3، 3/1، 1/3 و 9/1 برابر افزایش نشان دادند. همچنین میزان عناصر فسفر، منگنز، مس، روی و پتاسیم اندام‌های هوایی و ریشه در تیمار‌های میکوریزایی نسبت به تیمار‌های شاهد (بدون میکوریز) افزایش معنی‌داری داشتند. در مجموع نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد نهال‌های گلابی حاصل از کشت بافت مایه‌زنی شده با قارچ‌های میکوریز آربوسکولار علاوه بر سازگاری و رشد بهتر، محتوی بالاتر عناصر غذایی، تحمل بیشتری به تنش خشکی داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

‎ Study of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi performance on some growth indices ‎improvement of micro-propagated pear rootstock (Pyrodwarf) under drought stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khatereh Shirinzadeh 1
  • Ebrahim Sedaghati 2 3
  • Ali Akbar Mohammadi Mirik 4
  • Hamid Reza Karimi 5
1 M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Iran‎
3
4 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Iran
5 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the major problems with commercial production of micro-propagated plants is low survival and poor growth after transplanting. In order to investigation the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on establishment, survival, growth, as well as nutrients absorption on Pyrodwarf micropropagated rootstock in drought stress conditions, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with two factors including mycorrhizae in two levels (with and without) and drought stress in three levels (three, five and seven days irrigation intervals) in three replications in greenhouse conditions. The plants harvested two months after drought stress. The results of variance analysis showed that mycorrhizal symbiosis significantly increased vegetative indices at all levels of drought stress. The total leaf area, stem height, total leaf fresh weight and root dry weight of mycorrhizal seedlings were 3.6, 1.3, 3.1 and 1.9 times higher than non-mycorrhizal plants, respectively. The content of P, Mn, Cu, Zn and K and in root and shoot tissues increased significantly in mycorrhizal treatments than control. Generally, the results of this study showed that pear seedlings treated by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi had better acclimatization, growth and more tolerance at normal and drought stress condition.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Abiotic stress
  • acclimatization
  • pear
  • symbiosis
  • tissue culture

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 1
خرداد 1399
صفحه 255-271

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 آذر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 23 بهمن 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 بهمن 1397

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