ارزیابی دانهال‌های درخت به (‏Cydonia oblonga Mill.‎‏) شمال‌غرب ایران و گزینش مقدماتی ‏ژنوتیپ‌های امیدبخش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار، پژوهشکده میوه‌های معتدله و سردسیری، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ‏کرج، ایران

3 استادیار، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

ژنوتیپ­های بذری به در بسیاری از مناطق ایران پراکنده­اند و امکان گزینش انواع برتر در آنها جهت استفاده در برنامه­های اصلاحی وجود دارد.تحقیق اخیر با هدف ارزیابی برخی ژنوتیپ­های به شمال­غرب و گزینش ژنوتیپ(های) برتر انجام شد. لذا به این منظور 13 ژنوتیپ جمع‌آوری‌شده از استان­های اردبیل و غرب گیلان، براساس 55 صفت دستور‌العمل ملی آزمون‌های تمایز، خصوصیات ارگانولپتیک و عملکردی در کنار رقم شاهد به اصفهان ارزیابی شدند. نتایج بررسی­های انجام­شده بیانگروجود صفات متمایزکننده در عادت رشد، برگ، شکوفه و میوه این ژنوتیپ­ها بارقم شاهد بود. در این بین، پاکوتاهی در ژنوتیپ­های AD6 وAD7 و دیرگلدهی در ژنوتیپ­های AD5، AD3 و PSH قابل‌توجه بود. تجزیه کلاستر جمیع صفات، ژنوتیپ­ها را در سه شاخه خوشه­بندی کرد، که در شاخه اول ژنوتیپ‌های برتر گیوی، AS1، ASH و AD1 به‌همراه شاهد قرار گرفتند و در شاخه دوم و سوم، ژنوتیپ­ها دارای ارزش گزینشی پایین­تری بودند. درارزیابی چشایی (Organoleptic)، ژنوتیپ‌های ASH، AD1 وAS1از دیگر ژنوتیپ‌ها برتر بودند، به­صورتی­که دو ژنوتیپ ASH و AS1 با امکان گزینش برای تازه­خوری بالاتراز به اصفهان ارزیابی شد. ژنوتیپ‌های گیوی، AD5 وAD6 به­ترتیب با تولید 28، 23 و 21 کیلوگرم ­در­درخت دارای بالاترین عملکرد و کارایی عملکرد بودند. براساس جمیع صفات، ژنوتیپ­های گیوی، AD1، ASH و AS1 با اهداف کاربردی مختلف در برنامه­های اصلاحی، به­عنوان ژنوتیپ­های امیدبخش گزینش مقدماتی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) seedlings originated from North West ‎of Iran and preliminary selection of promising genotypes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khosro Naeimi 1
  • Hamid Abdollahi 2
  • Seyed Mahdi Miri 3
1 M.Sc. Student and Assistant Professor, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education ‎and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Quince seedling genotypes are distributed in independent landraces in different parts of Iran. The selectection oftheir superior genotypes is possible for usingin some breeding programs. This research was performedto evaluate some quince genotypes of North West Iran and selection of superior genotype(s). Therefore, 13 genotypes from Ardabil and western regions of Guilan provinces,with cultivar `Esfahan` as control,were evaluated according to 55 traits of the National Guidelines ofDifferentiation, Unifirmity and Stability (DUS) Tests, and also organoleptic and yield traits. The results indicated some traits were distinct in growth habit, leaf, blossom and fruit in quince genotypes and in control cultivar. Dwarfing in AD6 and AD7 genotypes and late flowering in AD5, AD3 and PSH genotypes were considerable traits. Cluster analysis based on all traits, dividedthe genotypes in three clusters, in which the first was containg superior genotypes Givi, AS1, ASH, AD1 and control cultivar. In the second and third clusters, genotypes had lower values for selection. In the organoleptic evaluations, ASH, AD1, and AS1 were evaluated assuperior genotypes, so that both ASH and AS1 genotypes were considered for possibile use as fresh fruits, with higher organoleptic values than cultivar `Esfahan`. Givi, AD5 and AD6 genotypes with 28, 23 and 21 kg fruit per tree had the highest yield and yield efficiency. Based on all traits, Givi, AD1, ASH and AS1 genotypes were selected preliminarily for various purposes of breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultivar distinctness
  • cultivar `Esfahan`
  • organoleptic evaluation
  • promising genotype
  • yield efficiency

مراجع

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 4
اسفند 1398
صفحه 967-981

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 دی 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 مهر 1397

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