بهینه‌سازی باززایی گیاهان حاصل از جنین‌زایی سوماتیکی در شش رقم انگور ‏‎(Vitis vinifera L.)‎

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران ‏

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران ‏

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش افزایش راندمان باززایی در برخی رقم‌های انگور تجاری بود. به این منظور از کالوس جنین‌زای حاصل از بساک نابالغ شش رقم انگور شامل بیدانه سفید، بیدانه قرمز، فخری، عسکری، یاقوتی و تامسون سیدلس استفاده شد. کالوس جنین‌زا در محیط کشت MS بدون هورمون کشت شد و بالاترین تعداد جنین سوماتیکی در رقم بیدانه سفید مشاهده شد. سپس جنین‌های سوماتیکی در محیط کشت MS تحت دو ترکیب هورمونی 5/0 میکرومولار بنزیل آمینو پورین (BAP) و 1/0 میکرومولار نفتالین استیک اسید (NAA) + 5/2 میکرومولار بنزیل آمینو پورین (BAP) برای جوانه‌زنی قرار گرفتند. در طول جوانه‌زنی در هر دو محیط کشت، گیاهان با رشد غیرطبیعی رأس شاخه و ریشه مشاهده شدند؛ همچنین در محیط کشت حاوی 1/0 میکرومولار NAA و 5/2 میکرومولار BAP گیاهان با ریشه طویل و رأس شاخه غیرطبیعی مشاهده شد. درصد جنین‌های طبیعی در دو محیط جوانه‌زنی وابسته به نوع رقم بود، به ‌طوری‌ که درصد جوانه‌زنی طبیعی در رقم عسکری تفاوت معنی‌داری در دو محیط کشت نداشت، ولی در سایر رقم‌ها این درصد در محیط کشت حاوی 5/0 میکرومولار BAP بالاتر بود. بعد از چهار هفته گیاهان به دو محیط کشت باززایی MS و WPM که هر دو حاوی 5/0 میکرومولار BAP بودند، انتقال یافتند. درصد باززایی روی محیط WPM (87/76 درصد) نسبت به محیط MS (27/59 درصد) بالاتر بود. در بین رقم‌های مورد بررسی، بالاترین درصد باززایی در رقم‌های عسکری (4/94 درصد)، بیدانه سفید (85/83 درصد) و تامسون سیدلس (66/80 درصد) به­دست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimizing plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis in six grapevine (Vitis ‎vinifera L.) cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • Razieh Rostami 1
  • Ahmad Ershadi 2
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, ‎Hamedan, Iran ‎
2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran ‎
چکیده [English]

The purpose of the study was to improve plant regeneration efficiency in some commercial grapevine cultivars. To achieve this goal, embryogenic callus from immature anthers of six grapevine cultivars: ‘Bidaneh Sefid’, ‘Bidaneh Ghermez’, ‘Fakhri’, ‘Askari’, ‘Yaghuti’ and ‘Thompson Seedless’ were used. Embryogenic calli were cultured in plant growth regulator-free MS medium and the highest number of somatic embryos was observed in Bidaneh Sefid cultivar. Then, somatic embryos were transferred to two germination media: 1. MS medium containing 0.5 μM BAP and 2. MS medium containing 0.1 μM NAA plus 2.5 μM BAP. Plants with abnormal shoot and root apex were observed during germination; embryos with long root and abnormal shoot apex were also observed on medium containing 0.1 μM NAA plus 2.5 μM BA. There was no significant difference between the percentages of normal germination in ‘Askari’ on both media; however, higher normal germination was found on medium containing 0.5 μM BAP in other cultivars. After four weeks, plants were transferred to the MS and WPM media, both were supplemented with 0.5 μM BAP. Plants were transferred to regeneration media after four weeks. The regeneration percentage on WPM medium (76.87%) was higher than on MS medium (59.27%). Maximum percentage of regeneration was obtained from Askari (94.40%), Bidaneh Sefid (83.85%), Thomson Seedless (80.66%) and Bidaneh Ghermez (76%) on WPM.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anther
  • embryogenic callus
  • germination
  • normal plants
  • WPM medium

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 4
اسفند 1398
صفحه 935-945

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 مرداد 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 25 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 18 آبان 1397

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