بهبود برخی صفات رشدی گل ژربرا (‏Gerbera jamesonii‏) با استفاده از تغذیه معدنی در مراحل ‏مختلف رشد گیاه در شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری پردیس دانشگاهی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت

2 استاد، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت

3 دانشیار، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت

چکیده

این تحقیق به‌منظور کاهش اثر شوری بر صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک گل ژربرا با استفاده از تغذیه شیمیایی در سال 1396 انجام گرفت. آزمایش به‏‌‏صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه عامل تغذیه عناصر معدنی، زمان تغذیه و استفاده از آب شور اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش میزان شوری، کاهش معنی­داری در خصوصیات رشدی به‌ویژه ارتفاع بوته، قطر گل و دمگل، تعداد و سطح برگ، طول ریشه، وزن تر و خشک اندام­های مذکور و غلظت عناصر نیتروژن و کلسیم مشاهده شد. با افزایش سطح شوری آب از ds/m 2 به ds/m 3، مقدار عنصر سیلیسیم نیز از mg/kg 93/0 به mg/kg 98/0 وزن خشک افزایش یافت. مقدار سیلیسیم در تیمارهای کودی 1 گرم NPK در گلدان + محلول­پاشی 1 سیلیکات کلسیم در 100 میلی‌لیتر آب ، 2 گرم NPK در گلدان + محلول­پاشی 5/0 گرم سیلیکات کلسیم در 100 میلی‌لیتر آب و 2 گرم NPK در گلدان + محلول­پاشی 1 گرم سیلیکات کلسیم در 100 میلی­ لیتر آب و در زمان 30 و 45 روز بعد از کاشت بیشترین مقدار بود و با تاخیر کوددهی به 60 روز بعد از کاشت مقدار سیلیسیم برگ، کاهش نشان داد. در نهایت نتایج نشان داد تغذیه با کودهای NPK، کلسیم و سیلیسیم توانست سبب حفظ رشد گیاه در شرایط شوری شوند حتی در برخی تیمارها، سبب افزایش رشد نسبت به شاهد گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Improvement of some growth traits of gerbera flower (Gerbera jamesonii) by using ‎mineral nutrition at different stages of plant growth under effect of salinity stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jafar Abbasi 1
  • Moazzam Hassanpour 2
  • Jamal-Ali Olfati 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate of Campus, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

The research was carried out to reduce the effect of salinity on morphophysiologic traits of gerbera flowers using chemical nutrition in 2017. The experiment was a factorial based on a RCBD with three factors consisted of nutrition of mineral elements, fertilization time and saline water. The results showed that, with increasing salinity, a significant decrease was observed in growth characteristics, especially plant height, flower and peduncle diameter, leaf number and leaf area, root length, fresh and dry weight of the aforementioned organs, and concentration of nitrogen and calcium elements. With increasing salinity levels from 2 to 3 ds/m, the amount of silicon element increased from 0.93 to 0.98 mg/kg dry weight. The amount of silicon in fertilizer treatments 1 g NPK in pot + spray 1 g in 100 ml calcium silicate, 2 g NPK in pot + spray 0.5 g in 100 ml calcium silicate and 2 g NPK in pot + spray 1 g in 100 ml calcium silicate was highest at 30 and 45 days after planting, and showed a lower amount by delaying fertilization to 60 days after planting. Finally, the results showed that nutrition with NPK, calcium and silicon fertilizers has been able to maintain plant growth under salinity conditions, even in some treatments, increase the growth compared to the control.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Flower diameter
  • flowering
  • macroelements
  • potassium
  • silicon‎

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 4
اسفند 1398
صفحه 865-878

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 خرداد 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 07 آبان 1397

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