مطالعه شاخص‌های زراعی- اقلیمی در مراحل فنولوژی و عملکرد رقم‌های جدید سیب‌زمینی در کشت ‏زمستانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، سازمان ‏تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

به منظور مطالعه شاخص­های زراعی- اقلیمی در مراحل فنولوژی و عملکرد رقم‌های جدید سیب­زمینی در کشت زمستانه، آزمایشی به‏‌‏صورت طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی شامل 11 تیمار در سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی بهبهان اجرا گردید. نتایج نشان داد در مرحله حجیم‏‌‏شدن غده­ها بیشترین درجه روز رشد و واحد هلیو ترمال (به­ترتیب97/ 1003 واحد و90/7301 ساعت در درجه روز رشد) متعلق به رقم سانته بود. بیشترین شاخص فتوترمال در کلیه رقم‌ها در مرحله حجیم‏‌‏شدن غده مشاهده گردید. ارزیابی روابط همبستگی مشخص نمود در مرحله حجیم‏‌‏شدن غده­ها بین عملکرد و درجه روز رشد همبستگی مثبت و معنی­داری (387/0=r) وجود داشت. حداکثر ارتفاع بوته (90/67 سانتی­متر) و حداقل روز تا پوشش نهایی مزرعه (33/71) به رقم ساوالان مربوط بود. رقم ساوالان حداکثر عملکرد (28/34 تن در هکتار)، کارآیی مصرف حرارت (95/18 کیلوگرم در هکتار در درجه روز رشد) و کارایی مصرف واحد هلیوترمال (06/2 کیلوگرم در هکتار در ساعت در درجه روز رشد) را به خود اختصاص داد. بر اساس نتایج این آزمایش برای کشت زمستانه سیب­زمینی در بهبهان رقم‌های ساوالان، اوتاوا، جلی، جورجینا و بانبا توصیه می­شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on the agro-meteorological indices at different phenological stages and yield ‎of new potato cultivars in winter planting

نویسنده [English]

  • Abdolsattar Darabi
Associate Professor, Seed and Plant Research Improvement Department, Khuzestan Agricultural and ‎Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Ahwaz, Iran ‎
چکیده [English]

In order to study agro-meteorological indices at different phenological stages and yield of new potato cultivars in winter planting in Behbahan Agriculture Research Station an experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design including 11 cultivars in three replications. The results showed that at tuber bulking stage the highest growth degree day and helio thermal unit (respectively 1003.97 °C day and 7301.90°C day hr-1) belonged to Sante cultivar. The maximum photo thermal index in all studied cultivars belonged to tuber bulking stage. Evaluation the correlation coefficient between characters showed that, yield exhibited significant positive correlation with growth degree day (r=0.387) at tuber bulking stage. The highest plant height (67.90 cm) and minimum days to canopy closure (71.33 days) belonged to Savalan cultivar. The highest yield (34.28 t ha-1), heat use efficiency (18.95 kg ha-1°C day-1) and helio thermal use efficiency (2.06 kg ha-1°C day hr-1) were found in Savalan cultivar. According to result Savalan, Ottawa, Jelly, Georgina and Bunba cultivars are recommended for winter potato planting in Behbahan.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Growth degree days
  • Helio thermal unit
  • Photo thermal index
  • Tuber initiation

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 4
اسفند 1398
صفحه 769-778

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 12 مرداد 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 13 آبان 1397

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