اثر سوپرجاذب و شرایط کم‌آبیاری تنظیم‌شده بر کیفیت انبارمانی میوه آلوی ژاپنی (Prunus salicina) رقم سانتاروزا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

2 استاد، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

3 دانشیار، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

حدود 75 درصد وسعت کشور ایران مناطق خشک و نیمه­خشک است؛ بنابراین استفاده از روش­های آبیاری با بازده بالا در بخش کشاورزی حائز اهمیت است. به­منظور مطالعه اثر کم­آبیاری تنظیم­شده (RDI) و سوپرجاذب (SA) بر کیفیت انبارمانی میوه آلو ژاپنی Prunus salicina)) رقم سانتاروزا، درختان از مرحله سخت­شدن هسته (7 هفته بعد از تمام­گل) در شرایط سه سطح آبیاری(ETc100%، ETc 75% و ETc 50%) و چهار سطح سوپرجاذب (صفر، 100، 200 و 300 گرم، برای هر درخت)، در قالب طرح فاکتوریل (طرح پایه CRD) با سه تکرار قرار گرفتند. میوه­ها پس از برداشت در مرحله رسیدن به­مدت یک ماه در دمای 4 درجه سانتی‌گراد و رطوبت نسبی بالای 80 درصد نگهداری شدند. سپس برخی ویژگی­های کیفی آنها مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. کم‌آبیاری سبب افزایش سفتی بافت میوه گردید. فلاونوئیدهای میوه نیز تحت تأثیر کم­آبیاری تنظیم­شده افزایش معنی­داری پیدا کرد. درحالیکه سطوح کم­آبیاری و غلظت­های مختلف سوپرجاذب تأثیر معنی­داری بر میزان SSC، TA و SSC/TA میوه­ها در مقایسه با شاهد نداشتند. برهمکنش اثر تیمارهای کم­آبیاری تنظیم­شده و سوپرجاذب بر میزان آب میوه، فنل کل و ظرفیت آنتی­اکسیدانی معنی­دار بود. آب میوه در اثر تیمار کم­آبیاری کاهش یافت؛ ولی تیمار سوپرجاذب به­صورت معنی­داری آب میوه را افزایش داد. فنل کل و ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی میوه که در شرایط تنش ملایم کم­آبیاری افزایش یافته بود با کاربرد سوپرجاذب به­صورت معنی­داری کاهش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of super absorbent and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) condition on the storage quality of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina cv. Santarosa)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yaser Khandani 1
  • Reza Fotouhi Ghazvani 2
  • Mahmoud Ghasemnezhad 3
  • Mohamad Reza Khaledian 3
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

About 75 percent of Iran`s land is arid and semi-arid. Hence, the use of high-efficiency irrigation methods in agriculture will be important. In order to study the effects of both regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) and super absorbent (SA) on the storage quality of Japanese plum fruits (Prunus salicina cv. Santarosa), an experiment was conducted under factorial design with three replicates. Plum trees from the pit-hardening period (seven weeks after full bloom) were exposed to RDI treatments; 100%, 75% and 50% of seasonal crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and four super absorbent treatments including 0, 100, 200 and 300 g (per tree). Harvested fruits at the ripening stage were stored at 4ᵒC in 80% relative humidity for one month, then, some quality characteristics of fruits were evaluated. The firmness of fruits tissues and total flavonoids in RDI treated plants was higher than the control fruits. However, RDI levels and different concentrations of super absorbents did not show significant effects on the TA, SSC and SSC/TA when compared to controls. The interaction of treatments increased fruit juice, total phenol and antioxidant capacity significantly. Fruit juice decreased by RDI and increased due to SA, and while total phenol and antioxidant capacity of fruit under RDI was considerable, SA application could reduce both traits significantly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • antioxidant capacity
  • fruit firmness
  • post-harvest
  • soluble solid concentration
  • Stress

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 12 دی 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 31 فروردین 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 شهریور 1396

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