ارزیابی تنوع ژنتیکی ارقام و ژنوتیپ‌های بومی مختلف انگور (Vitis vinifera) با استفاده از نشانگرهای ISSR

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

3 استاد، گروه اصلاح و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

4 دانشیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات باغبانی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران

5 استاد، مؤسسه تحقیقات CEBAS، اسپانیا

چکیده

انگور یکی از مهمترین محصولات باغی است که به­دلیل ارزش اقتصادی و غذایی آن به­طور گسترده کشت می­شود. به­منظور دست­یابی به ارقام جدید با عملکرد بالا و صفات کیفی بهتر، شناسایی ارقام موجود ضروری است. برخی از گونه­های وحشی انگور در معرض فرسایش ژنتیکی قرار دارند؛ لذا تعیین تنوع ژنتیکی ارقام و ژنوتیپ­های وحشی انگور به­منظور توسعه برنامه­­های اصلاحی آینده انگور دارای اهمیت بالایی می­باشد. در این تحقیق تنوع ژنتیکی 75 رقم و ژنوتیپ­های وحشی انگور (Vitis vinifera L.) با استفاده از 17 نشانگر ISSR مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در مجموع 132 باند با استفاده از 17 نشانگر ISSR تولید شد که از این تعداد 75 باند (58/57%) چند­شکل بودند. تعداد باندهای چندشکل از 2 در آغازگر UBC873 تا 7 در آغازگز UBC836 متغیر بود. تعداد آلل­های مؤثر (Ne) از 72/1 در آغازگر UBC880 تا 18/1 در آغازگر UBC873 متغیر بود. محتوای اطلاعات چندشکل (PIC) آغازگرها  بین 42/0 در آغازگر UBC880 و 14/0 در آغازگر UBC873 با میانگین 32/0 برآورد شد. گروه­بندی ژنوتیپ­ها به­روش تجزیه خوشه­ایی بر اساس ماتریس تشابه Dice و با استفاده از الگوریتم Complete ارقام مورد مطالعه را در چهار گروه قرار داد. بیشترین تشابه ژنتیکی (73/0) بین ارقام جیغ­جیغا و بلک­سیدلس و همچنین بین آلفونسو و بلک­سیدلس و کمترین تشابه ژنتیکی (11/0) بین ارقام دسترچین و لعل­سیاه مشاهده گردید. بر اساس شاخص شباهت ژنتیکی Nei، بیشترین فاصله ژنتیکی مربوط به جمعیت­های خارجی و وحشی بود. آنالیز واریانس مولکولی تنوع درون جمعیت­ها و بین­جمعیتی را به­ترتیب 61 درصد و 39 درصد از کل تنوع نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of genetic diversity in local cultivars and genotypes of grape (Vitis vinifera) using ISSR Markers

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mitra Razi 1
  • Mohammad Amiri 2
  • Reza Darvishzadeh 3
  • Hamed Doulati Baneh 4
  • Pedro Martinez Gomez 5
1 Former Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture Research, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of West Azarbaijan, Organization for Research, Education and Extension of Agriculture, Urmia, Iran
5 Professor, Research Center of CEBAS, Spain
چکیده [English]

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.)  is an important fruit crop and widely cultivated because of its nutritional and economical values. For getting new cultivars with higher yield and better quality, it is essential to characterize the cultivars. Some wild species faced to genetic erosion, so determination of genetic diversity of grape cultivars and genotypes is an important task for improving breeding programs in the future. In this research genetic diversity among 75 cultivars and wild genotypes (Vitis vinifera L.) of grape with 17 ISSR primers was investigated. 132 bands were produced by 17 primer pairs, out of which 75 bands (57/58%) were polymorphic. The polymorphic bands ranged from 2 in locus UBC873 to 7 in locus UBC836. Effective number of allele (Ne), varied from 1.72 in locus UBC880 to 1.18 in UBC873. To identify the high informative retrotransposon primer combination, the amount of PIC were estimated for each primer which ranged from 0.14 for locus UBC873 to 0.42 for locus UBC880 with an average value of 0.32. Cluster analysis using Dice similarity coefficients and complete algorithm put the 75 studied genotypes in four different groups. The most genetic similarity (0.73) was observed between Jig Jiga and Black Seedless and also between Alphonse Lavallee and Black Seedless and the least genetic similarity (0.11) observed between Dastarchin and Lal Seyah. The maximum Nei genetic distance was belong to Foreign and Wild populations. The AMOVA result indicated that the within and among population diversity were 61% and 39% respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cluster Analysis
  • genomic diversity
  • Molecular markers

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 50، شماره 1
خرداد 1398
صفحه 197-207

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 اسفند 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 21 فروردین 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 اردیبهشت 1397

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