پیامدهای مورفولوژیک، فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی تنش کوتاه‌مدت اُزُن در توت‌فرنگی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

ازن (O3) یکی از آلاینده‌های مهم موجود در جو پایینی زمین است که در حضور انرژی خورشید و از مواد فرار و اکسید­نیتروژن حاصل از دود کارخانه‌ها و ماشین‌ها تولید می‌شود. پژوهش حاضر به­منظور بررسی اثر آلودگی ازن بر رشد و برخی از ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک، فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی توت‌فرنگی انجام شد. بدین­منظور از رقم آروماس (مناسب کشت در شرایط مزرعه‌) و رقم سلوا (مناسب کشت در شرایط گلخانه)، به­ترتیب به­‌عنوان ارقام تجاری مقاوم و حساس به تنش‌های محیطی استفاده شد. گیاهان به­صورت کشت گلدانی و در فضای بسته، در گلخانه تحت تنش ازن کوتاه­مدت سه­روزه با سه غلظت صفر (هوای دارای ازن طبیعی به­عنوان شاهد)، 50 و100 میلی‌گرم در متر مکعب قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که گیاهان تیمار­شده، علائم آسیب ازن از جمله نقاط کلروزه در برگ‌ها، کاهش کلروفیل a، b و کلروفیل کل، کاهش کربوهیدرات محلول و افزایش وزن خشک، درصد ماده خشک، ظرفیت آنتی‌‌اکسیدانی کل و محتوای پرولین را نشان دادند. در رقم سلوا، پس از پایان دوره تنش و شروع رشد جدید، برخی ناهنجاری‌های مورفولوژیک نیز در گل‌های تولید­شده مشاهده شد. با توجه به آسیب کمتر رقم آروماس طی تنش، دوره رشد بعدی پس از برطرف­شدن تنش، توانایی در بالا­بردن ظرفیت آنتی­اکسیدانی کل و محتوای پرولین در مقابله با تنش 50 و 100 میلی‌گرم بر متر مکعب ازن، به­نظر می‌رسد این رقم نسبت به رقم سلوا در برابر این نوع تنش می‌تواند تحمل بیشتری از خود نشان دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Morphological, physiological and biochemical effects of short-term ozone stress in Strawberry (Fragaria anasassa) cvs. Aromas and Selva

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdieh Karimi 1
  • Mansour Gholami 2
  • Hassan Sarikhani 3
1 Former Ph. D. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Ozone (O3) is one of the important pollutants in lower atmosphere of earth which is created in the presence of sunlight from volatile substances and nitrogen oxide that emitted from the factories and cars. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of ozone pollution on the growth and some traits of strawberry. In this study two strawberry cultivars `Aromas’ (suitable for field cultivation) and `Selva’ (suitable for greenhouse cultivation) were used as commercial cultivars, resistant and sensitive to environmental stresses, respectively. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of ozone pollution on the growth and some other traits of plants which were pot-planted in a greenhouse and were treated with ozone. These cultivars were treated with three levels of ozone at concentrations of 0 (control – atmosphere with natural atmospheric ozone concentration), 50 and 100 mg.m-3 for a short period of 3 days. The treated plants showed ozone damage symptoms including chlorosis spots on the leaves, decreased amounts of chlorophylls a and b and total chlorophyll, decreased soluble carbohydrate and increased dry weight, dry matter percentage, total antioxidant capacity and proline contents. In Selva cultivar, after finishing of stress period and beginning of new growth, some morphological disorders were also observed in the produced flowers. Keeping in mind the smaller damage in Aromas cultivar during stress and growth period after the stress was finished and the ability of this cultivar to increase total antioxidant capacity and proline contents in dealing with 50 and 100 mgm-3 ozone stresses, it seems that this cultivar can have stronger tolerance against the mentioned stress compared to Selva cultivar.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ozone pollution
  • proline and antioxidants capacity
  • strawberry

مراجع

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 49، شماره 3
آذر 1397
صفحه 703-714

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 25 فروردین 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 شهریور 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 مهر 1396

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