بررسی کمی و کیفی اسانس توده‌هایی از پونه‌سا (Nepeta spp.) و تعیین کارآمدی اجزای اسانس در بررسی روابط درون و بین‌گونه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 استادیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و محصولات فرعی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

4 استاد بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و محصولات فرعی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل ها و مراتع، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

5 استاد بخش تحقیقات مرتع، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

پونه‌سا (Nepeta) از بزرگ‌ترین جنس‌های تیره نعنا بوده و ایران از خواستگاه‌های اصلی آن است. در مورد بررسی فعالیت‌های زیستی متابولیت‌های ثانویه جنس پونه‌سا، گزارشات متعددی وجود دارد که نشان‌دهنده اهمیت این جنس است. در این پژوهش، کمیت و کیفیت اسانس 12 توده از گونه‌های ایرانی پونه‌سا، N. cataria، N. menthoides و N. crassifolia، کشت­شده در منطقه غرب تهران، مطالعه شد. همچنین، کارآمدی اجزای اسانس، در بررسی روابط درون و بین گونه‌ها ارزیابی شد. اندام‌های گیاهی در مرحله گل‌دهی کامل، برداشت شده و پس از خشک­شدن در سایه، به­روش تقطیر با آب، اسانس‌گیری شدند. بررسی کمی و کیفی اجزای اسانس، به‌ترتیب با استفاده از دستگاه‌های GC و GC/MS انجام شد. به‌منظور تعیین نقش هر یک از اجزای اسانس در تنوع درون و بین‌گونه‌ای، از روش تجزیه به مؤلفه‌های اصلی استفاده شد. بیشترین بازده اسانس به توده مرکزی از گونه N. cataria (5/2 %) تعلق گرفت. در گونه N. cataria، نپتالاکتون‌II (a4-آلفا، 7-آلفا، a7-بتا نپتالاکتون)، در گونه N. menthoides، دو جزء 1،‌8-‌ سینئول و نپتالاکتون II و در N. crassifolia، سه جزء نپتالاکتون‌I (a4-آلفا، 7-آلفا، a7-آلفا نپتالاکتون)، 1،‌8-‌ سینئول و نپتالاکتون II، ترکیب(های) غالب اسانس را تشکیل دادند. گونه‌های N. crassifolia و N. cataria به‌ترتیب از نظر میزان نپتالاکتون‌I و ‌II، جایگاه‌های اول را به‌خود اختصاص دادند. از نظر میزان کل نپتالاکتون در اسانس، گونه N. cataria (1/99-8/97%) رتبه‌ اول را داشت. همچنین، نتایج، کارآمدی اجزای اسانس در تمایز گونه‌ها و تعیین روابط درون و بین گونه‌ها را به اثبات رساند. در این پژوهش، بر اساس اجزای اسانس، گونه‌های N. crassifolia و N. cataria در یک گروه مجزا از گونه N. menthoides قرار گرفتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Quantitative and qualitative study of essential oil in some accessions of Nepeta spp. and determination of essential oil components capability in intra and inter-specific relationships analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Najmeh Hadi 1 2
  • Abdolali Shojaeiyan 3
  • Fatemeh Sefidkon 4
  • Ali-Ashraf Jafari 5
1 Former Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU)
2 Assistant Professor of Medicinal Plants and By-products Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Deparment of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran
4 Professor of Medicinal Plants and By-products Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
5 Professor of Rangelands Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Nepeta is one of the largest genera of the Lamiaceae family, and Iran is one of the main centers of origin of the genus. There are lots of reports related to biological activities of secondary metabolites of Nepeta that shows the importance of the genus. Quantity and quality of essential oil (EO) components of 12 accessions of three Iranian Nepeta species, N. cataria, N. menthoides and N. crassifolia, cultivated in West of Tehran, were studied.Also, EO components capability on intra and inter-specific relationships was investigated. Plant aerial parts were harvested at full bloom stage. EO was extracted by hydrodistillation method from shade-dried plant materials. EO was quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed by GC and GC/MS, respectively.Principal component analysis was used in order to determine the role of each EO components in intra and inter-specific diversity. The most part of EO yield (w/w) belonged to “Markazi” accession of N. cataria (2.5%). Main EO component(s) of species were NepII (4aα,7α,7aβ-nepetalactone) in N. cataria, 1,8-cineole and NepII in N. menthoides and NepI (4aα,7α,7aα-nepetalactone), 1,8-cineole and NepII in N. crassifolia. N. crassifolia and N. cataria species, respectively, allocated on the first positions based on the quantity of NepI and II. N. cataria had the most total quantity of nepetalactone (97.8-99.1%). Results indicated that EO components were able to distinguish species, and to identify intra and inter-specific relationships. N. crassifolia and N. cataria species were separated from N. menthoides by cluster and PCA analysis based on EO components.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nepeta spp
  • Lamiaceae
  • Essential oil
  • nepetalactone
  • intra and inter-specific relationships

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 49، شماره 3
آذر 1397
صفحه 601-612

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 تیر 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 19 شهریور 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 16 آبان 1395

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