تأثیر تیمارهای نانو سیلیسیم بر برخی پاسخ‎های فیزیولوژیکی و تغذیه‎ای چچم ( (Lolium perenne در خاک آلوده به فلزهای سنگین (سرب، روی، کادمیوم)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

سیلیسیم یک عنصر غذایی ضروری برای برخی گیاهان علفی و عنصری سودمند برای بهبود رشد و رویارویی با تنش‎های زنده و غیرزنده به شمار می‎رود. این پژوهش روی خاک آلودۀ طبیعی به فلزهای سنگین از شهرک صنعتی روی در زنجان انجام گرفت و طی آن تأثیر کاربرد ذرات نانو سیلیس بر پاسخ‎های مورفو-فیزیولوژیکی و تغذیه‎ای چچم (Lolium perenne) بررسی شد. تیمار نانو سیلیس در شش سطح 100 (NS1)، 200 (NS2)، 500 (NS3)، 1000 (NS4)،2000 (NS5) و تیمار شاهد (NS0) برحسب میلی‌گرم نانو سیلیس بر کیلوگرم خاک گلدان در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی و پنج تکرار در گلخانه اجرا شد. به‌منظور اضافه کردن نانو سیلیسیم به خاک، دروایۀ (سوسپانسیون) آن تهیه و با مقدار مشخصی آب که بر پایۀ ظرفیت مزرعۀ تعیین‌شده بود، مخلوط و با استفاده از پیپت، قطره‌قطره به خاک اضافه شد. پس از گذشت دورۀ کاشت و داشت گیاه چچم، اندام‌های هوایی گیاه برداشت و غلظت عنصرهای سنگین (سرب، روی و کادمیوم) و عنصرهای غذایی (فسفر، پتاسیم و سیلیسیم) در اندام‌های هوایی اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد، کاربرد سیلیسیم بر جذب عنصرهای آلایندۀ کادمیوم و روی و عنصرهای غذایی پتاسیم، فسفر و سیلیسیم در سطح 5 درصد معنی‌دار بود. همچنین کاربرد سیلیسیم در خاک، جذب آلاینده‌های روی و کادمیوم را در گیاه افزایش داد. همچنین بیشترین میزان جذب سیلیسیم در اندام‌های هوایی چچم، در تیمار NS5 گزارش شد که نسبت به سطوح دیگر کاربرد نانو و شاهد، تفاوت معنی‎داری نشان داد. درمجموع کاربرد سیلیسیم، سبب بهبود وضعیت رشد گیاه، جذب عنصرهای غذایی و مقاومت به تنش شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of nano-silicon treatments on some physiological and nutritional responses of Lolium perenne in soils contaminated with heavy metals (Pb, Cd and Zn)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahboubeh Mirzakhani 1
  • Babak Motesharezadeh 2
  • Hossein Mirseyed Hosseini 2
  • Reza Malmir 1
1 Former M. Sc. Student, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Silicon is an essential nutrient element for some herbaceous plants and a useful element for improving the growth and to encounter with biotic and abiotic stresses. This research was carried out on natural contaminated soil with heavy metals from Zanjan Industrial Town. The effect of nano-silicon particles application on morpho-physiological and nutritional responses of Lolium perenne was investigated. Nano-silicon treatments were selected in six levels of 100 (NS1), 200 (NS2), 500 (NS3), 1000 (NS4), 2000 (NS5), and control treatment (N0) (in mg/kg). Experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design in greenhouse conditions. Nano Silicon added to soil by usage of pipette method. After the planting and cropping stages of Lolium perenne, the aboveground parts, the concentration of heavy elements (lead, zinc and cadmium) and nutrient elements (phosphorus, potassium and silicon) were measured. Results showed that application of silicon on the adsorption of cadmium and zinc and nutrient elements of potassium, phosphorus, and silicon was significant at 5% level. Also, the application of silicon in soil increased the absorption of zinc and cadmium contaminants in the plant. The highest amount of silicon adsorption in Lolium perenne was observed in NS5 treatment, which showed a significant difference compared to other levels of nano and control treatment. In general, application of silicon improved plant growth and increased the uptake of nutrients in the contamination/stress of the heavy metals.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Heavy metals pollution stress
  • Lolium perenne
  • nutrient element
  • nutritional response
  • Silicon

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علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 49، شماره 2
شهریور 1397
صفحه 563-577

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 19 فروردین 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 اردیبهشت 1397

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