تأثیر اسید سالیسیلیک و تیامین بر گلدهی و صفات ریخت‌‌شناختی گل شاخه بریدۀ مریم در دو نظام آبکشتی و کشت در خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

3 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

4 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی، دانشکدۀ تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر اسید سالیسیلیک (غلظت­های 50، 100، 150 و 200 میلی­گرم در لیتر) و تیامین (100 و 150 میلی­گرم در لیتر) در دو نظام آبکشتی یا هیدروپونیک (کوکوپیت + پرلیت) و کشت در خاک (کود دامی، ماسه، خاک‌برگ و خاک باغچه) بر رشد، نمو و گلدهی گل شاخه بریدۀ مریم در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی با آرایش فاکتوریل و با سه تکرار در گلخانۀ تحقیقاتی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان در دمای شب و روز  28 و 16 درجۀ سلسیوس و رطوبت 5±75 درصد انجام شد. تیمار­ها به‌صورت محلول­پاشی و در دو مرحله (40 و 47 روز پس از کاشت) بر اندام هوایی گیاه اعمال شد. نتایج نشان داد، بیشترین وزن تر، شمار گلچه، قطر گلچه و شمار برگ مربوط به تیمار تیامین (150 میلی­گرم در لیتر) بود. بیشترین قطر ساقه و سطح برگ در گیاهان تیمارشده با اسید سالیسیلیک (100 میلی­گرم در لیتر) به دست آمد. اسید سالیسیلیک در غلظت­های 200 و 50 میلی­گرم در لیتر به ترتیب بیشترین طول گل­آذین و ساقه را ایجاد کرد. بیشترین عمق توسعۀ ریشه در تیمار تیامین 100 میلی­گرم در لیتر به دست آمد. همچنین کمترین شمار روز تا ظهور ساقۀ گل­دهنده و گل به ترتیب مربوط به تیمار تیامین (100 میلی­گرم در لیتر) و اسید سالیسیلیک (50 میلی­گرم در لیتر) بود. کشت آبکشتی در همۀ صفات ریخت‌شناختی (موروفولوژیکی) اندازه­گیری شده به‌جز طول ساقه، بیشترین تأثیر را داشت و کمترین شمار روز تا ظهور ساقۀ گل­دهنده و گل در کشت خاک به دست آمد. به‌طورکلی مشخص شد که اسید سالیسیلیک و تیامین بر صفات اندازه­گیری‌شده تأثیر مثبتی داشتند و برای بهبود رشد و نمو گل مریم قابل توصیه هستند. همچنین با توجه به افزایش روزافزون استفاده از نظام آبکشتی، کاربرد این نظام برای کشت گل مریم موضوعی قابل توجیه خواهد بود که البته به پژوهش­های بیشتر نیاز دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of salicylic acid and thiamine on flowering and morphological traits of tuberose cut flowers in both hydroponic and soil systems

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehrdad Babarabie 1
  • Hossein Zarei 2
  • Sima Badeli 3
  • Vahid Mollazadeh 4
1 Young Researchers and Elite Club, Gorgan Branch, IslamicAzad University, Gorgan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 Former M. Sc. Student, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
4 Former B.Sc. Student, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of salicylic acid at concentrations of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg l-1 and thiamine of 100 and 150 mg l-1 in both soil (Cattle manure, sand, leaf mold and garden soil) and hydroponic (coco peat and perlite) systems on growth, development and flowering of tuberose in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement with three replications in Research greenhouses of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources at day/night temperature of 28/16 degrees Celsius and relative humidity of 75±5%. Treatments as foliar application in two stages (40 and 47 days after planting) was applied on the aerial parts of the plant. Results showed that the highest fresh weight, number of florets, flower diameter, number of leaves belonged to the thiamine treatment of 150 mg l-1. The highest stem diameter and leaf area was obtained in plants treated with salicylic acid of 100 mg l-1. Salicylic acid in concentrations of 200 and 50 mg l-1 created the highest spike and stem height, respectively. The most depth of root development was obtained in thiamine treatment (100 mg l-1). The lowest number of days to head emergence of flowering stems and flowers were related to thiamine treatment (100 and 150 mg l-1) and salicylic acid (50 mg l-1). Comparison of culture bed, showed that hydroponic culture in all measured morphological traits except stem length had the most effect, and the lowest number of days to emerge flowering head stems and flowers were obtained in soil culture. Overall, it was determined that salicylic acid and thiamine had positive effects on measured traits and are recommended to improve the growth and development of tuberose. Also, considering to the ever increasing use of hydroponic system, it would be justified for the cultivation of tuberose, of course needs more research.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cut flowers
  • growth regulators
  • spraying
  • substrate
  • thiamine

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 بهمن 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 02 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 25 اردیبهشت 1396

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