بهبود جذب عناصر غذایی، شاخص‌های رشد و عملکرد دو تودۀ خیار بومی آذربایجان شرقی از طریق پایه‌های پیوندی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر پیوند خیار روی پایه­های­ تجاری­ کدو آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی شامل هشت تیمار با سه تکرار به‌صورت مزرعه­ای در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز در سال 1394 انجام شد. دو توده خیار بومی آذربایجان شرقی ( به ترتیب باسمنج و گونی) و یک رقم تجاری (ماهان) روی دو پایۀ تجاری کدو (به ترتیب شینتوزا و روت­پاور) پیوند شدند. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل ترکیب­های پیوندی باسمنج/ شینتوزا، باسمنج/ روت­پاور، گونی/ شینتوزا، گونی/ روت­پاور و ماهان/ روت­پاور و خیارهای بدون پیوندی باسمنج، گونی و ماهان بودند. گیاهان با استفاده از روش نیمانیم تک‌لپه‌ای پیوند شدند. نتایج نشان داد، پایه­ها تأثیر معنی­دار مثبتی روی شاخص‌های رویشی شامل سطح برگ، شاخص سبزینه (­کلروفیل)، طول ساقه، وزن خشک اندام‌های هوایی، شمار میوه و عملکرد میوه در تک بوته داشتند. بیشترین غلظت نیتروژن برگ در ترکیب پیوندی ماهان/ روت­پاور  و کمترین آن در خیار باسمنج مشاهده شد. بیشترین غلظت پتاسیم و فسفر اندام‌های هوایی در ترکیب پیوندی ماهان/ روت­پاور و کمترین غلظت پتاسیم و فسفر اندام‌های هوایی در خیار باسمنج مشاهده شد. بیشترین غلظت نیترات برگ در خیار باسمنج و کمترین در ترکیب پیوندی ماهان/ روت­پاور دیده شد. بیشترین غلظت ساکارز برگ  و قند کل برگ در ترکیب پیوندی ماهان/ روت­پاور مشاهده شد. در ترکیب­های پیوندی تأثیر پایه­ها روی غلظت نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم اندام‌های هوایی و شاخص­های عملکرد در بیشتر صفات همسان بود. پایه­های شینتوزا و روت­پاور به دلیل افزایش غلظت نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم اندام‌های هوایی موجب بهبود عملکرد و شاخص­های رشد شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Improvement of nutrient uptake, growth index and yield in two populations of East Azerbaijan cucumber by grafting rootstocks

نویسندگان [English]

  • Edris Hajali 1
  • Sahebali Bolandnazar 2
  • Jaber Panahande 2
1 Former M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, East Azarbaijan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, East Azarbaijan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effect of grafting of cucumber on commercial cucurbits rootstocks, an experiment was carried out in a completely randomized block design including eight treatments with three replicates in the field of Agricultural Research Station, University of Tabriz infield Conditions at 2015. Two populations of Azerbaijan cucumber (Basmenj andGouney, respectively) and a commercial cultivar of cucumber (Mahan) were grafted on two commercial cucurbits rootstocks (Shintozwa and Routpower, respectively).Treatments of experiment were including grafted combination of Basmenj/ Shintozwa, Basmenj/ Routpower, Gouney / Shintozwa, Gouney / Routpower, Mahan / Routpower, non grafted Basmenj, Gouney and Mahan cucumbers. Plants were grafted by single cotyledon splice grafting techniques. Results showed that rootstocks had a significant effect on growth and yield index including leaf area, cholorophyll index, stem length, shoot dry weight, fruits number per plant and yield per plant.The highest N concentrations in leaf wasobserved in grafted combination Mahan/ Routpower and thelowest inBasmenj.The highest K and P concentration inshootwere observed in grafted combination Mahan/ Routpower while the lowestK and P concentrations in shoot were observedinBasmenj. The highest nitrate concentration in leaf was observed inBasmenj and the lowest in grafted combination. Mahan/ Routpower. The highest concentration of sucrose and total soluble sugar in leaf were observed in grafted combination of Mahan/Routpower. In grafted combinations, the effect of rootstocks onN, P and Kconcentrations in shoot and yield indexin most traits were similar andShintowza and Routpower improved yield and growth index,because of increasing concentrations of N, P and K in shoots.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Commercial cucurbits rootstocks
  • cucumber grafting
  • single cotyledon splice grafting

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 30 آذر 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 24 بهمن 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 29 بهمن 1395

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