تأثیر تغذیۀ آهن و نیتروژن بر شاخص‌های کیفی میوۀ سیب (Malus domestica cv.Fuji) طی انبارمانی و درصد برخی عنصرهای کانی برگ و میوه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

چکیده

در این تحقیق تأثیر تغذیۀ آهن و نیتروژن، در سه سطح (کلات آهن با غلظت‌های 0، 5 و 10 قسمت در میلیون (پی‌پی‌ام) و نیترات آمونیوم با غلظت‌های 0، 40 و 60 قسمت در میلیون) بر درصد عنصرهای نیتروژن، پتاسیم و فسفر برگ و میوه در زمان برداشت و برخی از ویژگی‌های کیفی محصول سیب رقم فوجی طی انبارمانی بررسی شد. بنابر نتایج این پژوهش، سطوح نیتروژن استفاده‌شده تأثیر معنی‌داری بر صفات کمی و کیفی میوه نداشت و تنها میزان ویتامین ث میوه را به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش داد. سطوح آهن به‌کار برده شده به‌طور معنی‌داری درصد کاهش وزن میوه در دورۀ انبارمانی را کاهش داد. تأثیر انبارمانی بر برخی از شاخص‌های کیفی میوه معنی‌دار بود و منجر به کاهش کیفیت شد به‌طوری‌که این افت کیفیت از 95 روز انبارمانی به بعد ملموس‌تر بود. میزان ویتامین ث، سفتی بافت، وزن خشک و اسیدهای آلی (اسیدیته) میوه در مدت انبارمانی کاهش معنی‌داری داشت. تیمار نیتروژن سبب افزایش معنی‌دار محتوای نیتروژن برگ و میوه شد، اما پتاسیم برگ و میوه را کاهش داد. تأثیر تیمار آهن بر میزان این سه عنصر در برگ و میوه معنی‌دار نبود و تنها پتاسیم میوه را به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش داد. به‌طورکلی نتایج این تحقیق نشان‌دهندۀ نگهداری سه‌ماهۀ این رقم بدون کاهش کیفیت است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Iron and Nitrogen nutrition on apple fruit (Malus domestica cv.Fuji) quality during storage and on mineral contents in fruits and leaves

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mina Mohebi 1
  • Mesbah Babalar 2
  • Mohammad Ali Askary Sarcheshme 3
  • Alireza Talaee 2
1 Former Ph.D. Student, Professor and Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Professor and Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this research, effects of iron and nitrogen nutrition in three concentration (Iron chelate 0, 5 and 10 ppm and Ammonium nitrate, 0, 40 and 60 ppm) were evaluated on nitrogen, potassium and phosphorous contents in fruits and leaves of apple (cv. Fuji) in harvesting time and on fruit quality during storage. The experiment was carried out using a factorial completely randomized block design (CRBD) with three replications in 2013. Results showed that nitrogen treatment had no significant effect on fruit quality, except Vitamin C content that significantly increased. Iron nutrition mainly decreased the fruit weight loss during the storage. Storage time affected fruit quality and decreased that, which after 95 days, fruit were more injured. During the storage, Vitamin C, fruit firmness, dry weight and total acid were decreased. Nitrogen nutrition increased the nitrogen content in fruits and leaves but decreased potassium level in these organs. Iron treatment had no significant effects on nitrogen and phosphorous contents but significantly decreased potassium content in fruits. These results indicated that, storage of Fuji cultivar for three month had no reducing effects on quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ammonium nitrate
  • Apple
  • Iron chelate
  • Mineral nutrition
  • storage

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 اسفند 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 13 مرداد 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 مرداد 1395

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