تأثیر محلول‌پاشی کودهای پتاسیمی و اسید هیومیک بر رنگیزه‌ها و فعالیت پاداکسندگی انگور رقم ’بیدانۀ سفید‘

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی‌ارشد تولیدات گیاهی، تولید محصولات باغی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر

2 استادیار، گروه فضای سبز، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملایر

چکیده

تولید انگور با کیفیت و دارای بافت محکم و ویژگی ماندگاری بالای میوه اهمیت زیادی دارد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، تأثیر کاربرد برگی غلظت‌های مختلف (0، 1000 و 2000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) سولفات پتاسیم، نانو‌کلات پتاسیم و اسید هیومیک بر رنگیزه‌ها و فعالیت پاداکسندگی (آنتی‌اکسیدانی) انگور ’بیدانۀ سفید‘ در راستای بهبود کیفیت در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی در یک باغ تجاری انگور طی سال‌های 1395-1393 بود. بدین منظور تیمارهای محلول‌پاشی در سه نوبت شامل یک مرحله پیش از گلدهی، دو هفته پس از تشکیل میوه و یک ماه پس از مرحلۀ دوم انجام شد. بنا بر نتایج به‌دست‌آمده تیمار سولفات پتاسیم با غلظت 2000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر موجب افزایش پتاسیم برگ، تیمار ‌نانو کلات پتاسیم با غلظت 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر موجب افزایش سبزینۀ (کلروفیل) کل و آنتوسیانین‌های برگ و اسید هیومیک با غلظت 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر موجب افزایش غلظت فنول‌های برگ و فلاونوئیدهای برگ نسبت به شاهد شد. تیمار ‌نانوکلات پتاسیم با غلظت 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر موجب افزایش آنتوسیانین‌های میوه و فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز میوه، همچنین تیمار نانوکلات پتاسیم با غلظت 2000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر موجب افزایش غلظت پتاسیم میوه و فعالیت آنزیم آسکوربات پراکسیداز میوه، سولفات پتاسیم با غلظت 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر موجب افزایش غلظت فنول‌های میوه، پروتئین میوه و فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز میوه و اسید هیومیک با غلظت 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر موجب افزایش فلاونوئیدهای میوه و فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز میوه نسبت به شاهد شد. نتایج این بررسی تأییدکنندۀ تأثیر چشمگیر تیمار‌ها، به‌ویژه نانوکلات پتاسیم و سولفات پتاسیم با غلظت 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر بر افزایش فعالیت آنزیم‌ها بوده که در نتیجه آن موجب استحکام غشا و بافت میوه و در نتیجه افزایش کیفیت و ماندگاری بهتر می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of potassium fertilizers and Humic acid on the Pigments and activity of antioxidants in grape 'Bidaneh Sefid'

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nayereh Zangeneh 1
  • Mousa Rasouli 2
1 Former M. Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Iran
2 Assistnat Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Malayer University, Iran
چکیده [English]

Grape production with high quality, firm texture and suitable shelf life of the fruit is very important. The purpose of this study, the effect of foliar application of different concentrations (0, 1000 and 2000 mg/liter) of potassium sulfate, potassium nano chelated fertilizer and humic acid on the pigments and antioxidant activity in grape variety 'Bidaneh Sefid' were studied in order to improve the quality of grapes in a completely randomized design in a commercial orchard during 2013-2015. Foliar applications were employed three times, including one before flowering, at fruit set, two weeks after fruit set and one month after the second stage was carried out. Based on the results, potassium sulfate at a concentration of 2000 mg /liter increased the potassium concentrations of leaves, potassium nano chelated fertilizer at a concentration of 1000 mg/liter increased chlorophyll in leaves, anthocyanins in leaf and humic acid with a concentration of 1000 mg /liter increased the phenol concentration, and flavonoid in leaf compared to control. potassium nano chelated fertilizer at a concentration of 1000 mg/liter increased anthocyanins in fruit and superoxide dismutase and also, treatment of potassium nano chelated fertilizer at a concentration of 2000 mg/liter increased the potassium and activity of the enzyme ascorbate, potassium sulfate. Concentration of 1000 mg /liter potassium nano increased the phenol concentrations in fruit, protein and catalase activity. Humic acid at concentration of 1000 mg /liter increased the phenol concentration in leaf, flavonoids in fruit and peroxidase activity compared to control. Results of this study, confirmed a significant effect of treatments, especially potassium nano chelated fertilizer and potassium sulfate at a concentration of 1000 mg/liter on increased enzyme activity. As a result, it strengthens membranes and tissues and thus increased the quality of the fruit.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll
  • enzaym
  • phenolic compounds
  • potassium nano chelated

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 16 اسفند 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 14 اردیبهشت 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 30 اردیبهشت 1396

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