بهبود تحمل به سرمای نشاهای گوجه‌فرنگی با پیش تیمار تنش خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان

چکیده

دمای پایین منجر به آسیب­های فیزیولوژیکی به یاخته­ در گیاهان حساس به سرمازدگی و از بین رفتن محصول در گیاهان مناطق گرمسیری و نیمه گرمسیری مانند گوجه‌فرنگی می­شود. در این تحقیق امکان افزایش تحمل تنش سرمایی در نشاهای گوجه‌فرنگی به‌وسیلۀ اعمال خشکی با 10 و 20 درصد پلی‌اتیلن گلیکول (PEG) ارزیابی شد. آزمایش در دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه بوعلی‌سینا همدان به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار و در سال 1394 انجام شد. پس از اعمال تیمار تنش خشکی، نشاها به مدت شش ساعت در شش روز متوالی در دمای 3 درجۀ سلسیوس قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد، پیش تیمار خشکی سبب حفظ رشد نشاهای گوجه‌فرنگی در شرایط تنش سرمایی و حفظ محتوای آب نسبی، محتوای سبزینه (کلروفیل) و فنل و همچنین سبزینۀ فلورسانس (Fv/Fm) آن‌ها در پایان دورۀ تنش شد. نتایج اثر متقابل نشان داد، بالاترین میزان وزن تر ریشه (25/2 گرم) و شاخساره (4/4 گرم)، محتوای آب نسبی (31/88 درصد)، Fv/Fm (834/0) و سبزینۀ کل (62/1 میلی­گرم بر گرم وزن تر) در کاربرد 0 درصد PEG و بدون تنش سرما به دست آمد. همچنین بالاترین محتوای مالون دی آلدهید (46/1 میکروگرم بر گرم وزن تر) و فنل (86/10 میلی­گرم بر گرم وزن تر) در کاربرد 20 درصد PEG و بدون تنش سرمایی مشاهده شد. به‌طورکلی نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد، پیش تیمار خشکی می­تواند به‌طور مؤثری برای حفاظت نشاهای گوجه‌فرنگی از آسیب ایجادشده به‌وسیلۀ تنش دمای پایین در مراحل اولیۀ رشد استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Chilling tolerance improving of tomato seedling by drought stress pretreatment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fardin Ghanbari 1
  • Mohammad Sayyari 2
1 Former Ph.D. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu-Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Low temperatures lead to numerous physiological disturbances in the cells of chilling-sensitive plants, resulted in chilling injuries and death of tropical and subtropical plants such as tomatoes. In this study, the possibility of cold stress tolerance enhancement of tomato seedlings byimposing drought stress with 10 or 20 percent of polyethylene glycol (PEG) for 10 days was investigated in the greenhouse of agricultural faculty of Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. The layout was factorial experiment in CRD design with four replications. After drought pretreatment, the seedlings were subjected to chilling 6 h/day at 3°C for 6 days. Drought pretreatment improved growth rate of tomato seedlings subjected to chilling stress as well as RWC, phenol, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence ratio (Fv/Fm) when compared with the controls un-chilled seedlings. Interaction effects showed that highest value of root (2.25 g) and shoot fresh (4.4 g) weight, RWC (88.31 %), Fv/Fm(0.834) and total chlorophyll (1.62 mg/g F.W) were obtained in 0 % PEG under the chilling control. In contrast, the highest amounts of MDA (1.46 µm/g F.W) and phenol (10.86 mg/g F.W) content were obtained from 20% PEG and non-chilling stress. In general, results indicated that drought pretreatment could be used effectively to protect tomato seedlings from damaging effects of low temperatures stress at the early stages of growth.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll fluorescence
  • electrolyte leakage
  • hardening
  • Malondialdehyde
  • polyethylene glycol

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 30 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 خرداد 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 تیر 1395

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