همبستگی بین میزان و نسبت عنصرهای کانی میوه با رنگ‌گیری پوست میوۀ سیب رقم ʼرد دلیشزʻ

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

2 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

3 استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

رنگ‌گیری ناقص پوست میوۀ سیب می‌تواند یکی از دلایل اصلی کاهش بازارپسندی رقم‌های قرمز باشد. در این پژوهش، همبستگی بین میزان آنتوسیانین کل و شاخص رنگ پوست میوه با میزان و نسبت عنصرهای کانی در بیست باغ سیب رقم ʼرد دلیشزʻ بررسی شد. برای این منظور، از هر باغ سه گروه بیست‌تایی میوه با سه رنگ قرمز تند، متوسط و ضعیف در مرحلۀ بلوغ تجاری برداشت شدند. شاخص رنگ پوست میوه مانند زاویۀ هیو (h°)، روشنی (L*)، خلوص رنگ یا کروما (C)، قرمز- سبز (a*) و زرد- آبی (b*)، آنتوسیانین کل پوست و میزان N، P، K، Ca و Mg و نسبت بین عنصرهای میوه اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد، بین آنتوسیانین کلبا شاخص L*، h° ،  b*و C همبستگی منفی معنی‌داری، اما با a* همبستگی مثبت معنی‌داری وجود دارد. همچنین، همبستگی منفی معنی‌داری بین میزان N میوه با آنتوسیانین و a* مشاهده شد، اما با L*و h° همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری وجود داشت. یک همبستگی منفی بین Ca میوه با L* و بین Mg با آنتوسیانین مشاهده شد. همچنین، همبستگی مثبت معنی‌داری بین نسبت N+K:Ca با شاخص‌های L*، h° و b* وجود داشت، اما نسبت Mg:Ca همبستگی منفی معنی‌داری با میزان آنتوسیانین، a* و همبستگی مثبت معنی‌داری با L*و h°  وb* داشت. بین نسبت N:Ca همبستگی منفی معنی‌داری با میزان آنتوسیانین کل و a* و همبستگی مثبت معنی‌داری با شاخصL*،h°  و b* مشاهده شد. درمجموع نتایج نشان داد، افزون بر عامل‌های آب و هوایی، تغذیۀ بهینۀ درختان به‌ویژه نیتروژن و کلسیم می‌تواند در رنگ‌گیری میوۀ سیب قرمز بسیار مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The correlation between fruit mineral nutrient content and apple fruit cv. Red Delicious peel pigmentation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahshid Dorianizadeh 1
  • Mahmood Ghasemnezhad 2
  • Atefeh Sabouri 3
1 Former Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Iran
2 Associate Professor and Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Incomplete apple fruit skin pigmentation could be one of the main causes of decreasing marketability in red cultivars. In this study, the correlation between total anthocyanin and fruit skin color parameters with mineral nutrient content and ratios in 20 commercial apple orchards growing cv. red delicious was investigated. At each orchard, fruits were harvested at commercial maturity stage and categorized into three groups with 20 fruits, according to dark red, medium and light red color. Fruit peel colors parameters such as hue (°h), lightness (L*), chroma (C), green-red (a*), blue-yellow (b*) and total anthocyanin, and nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, calcium and magnesium contents and mineral nutrient ratios were measured. Results showed that there were a negative correlation between anthocyanin with L*, h°, b* and C* and a positive correlation with a*. Furthermore, a negative significant correlation was found between fruit nitrogen content with anthocyanin and a* and a positive significant correlation with L* and h°. A negative correlation was observed between fruit calcium content with L* and magnesium content with anthocyanin. Furthermore, a positive significant correlation was found between N+K/Ca with L*, h° and b*, but a negative correlation between Mg/Ca with total anthocyanin and a* and a positive significant correlation with L*, h° and b* value. There was a negative significant correlation between N/Ca with anthocyanin and a* and a positive correlation was observed with L*, h° and b* value. Overall, results showed besides climate condition, optimum tree fertilization especially nitrogen and calcium can be important on apple fruit cv. Red Delicious pigmentation. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anthocyanin
  • correlation coefficient
  • mineral elements

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 27 خرداد 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 تیر 1395

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