تأثیر اسید آسکوربیک بر برخی ویژگی‌های مورفولوژی و فیزیولوژی شمعدانی معطر (Pelargonium graveolens) در شرایط کمبود آهن

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان

2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان

3 مربی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم‌الانبیاء بهبهان

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر اسید آسکوربیک در کاهش تأثیر وجود کمبود آهن، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایۀ طرح کاملاً تصادفی با شش تکرار در گیاه شمعدانی معطر انجام شد. عامل‌ها شامل میزان آهن با سه سطح (0، 20 و 40 میکرو مولار) و اسیدآسکوربیک با سه سطح (0، 1 و 2 میلی­مولار) بود. قلمه­های ریشه­دار شده به‌صورت آبکشتی (هیدروپونیک) درون ماسه کاشت شده و پس از استقرار گیاهان تیمارهای آهن و اسید آسکوربیک به همراه محلول غذایی نیم­هوگلند اعمال شد. نتایج نشان داد، با کاهش میزان آهن ویژگی‌های رشد مانند ارتفاع گیاه، قطر ساقه، شمار و طول شاخه­های جانبی و سطح برگ در بوته کاهش یافت. با کاهش میزان آهن وزن‌ تر و خشک برگ، ساقه و پیکر رویشی کاهش یافته ولی میزان اسانس افزایش یافت. واکنش گیاه به اسیدآسکوربیک در تغذیه با آهن 0 و 20 میکرومولار با هم متفاوت بود. اسیدآسکوربیک (به‌ویژه با غلظت 1 میلی­مولار) باعث افزایش زیست‌توده (بیوماس) و میزان اسانس شد. با کاهش میزان آهن، عملکرد اسانس کاهش و با کاربرد اسید آسکوربیک افزایش یافت. کاهش آهن باعث کاهش سبزینه (کلروفیل)­ها و کاروتنوئیدها و کاربرد اسیدآسکوربیک باعث بهبود این ویژگی­­­ها شد. بنابر نتایج، کاربرد اسیدآسکوربیک توانست رشد و عملکرد گیاه شمعدانی معطر را در تیمار 20 میکرومولارآهن  بهبود بخشد اما تأثیر آن در شرایط آهن 0 میکرومولار بسیار کمتر بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of ascorbic acid on some morphological and physiological characteristics of Pelargonium graveolens under iron deficiency

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kobra Sepahvand 1
  • Abdolhossein Rezaei Nejad 2
  • Seyedeh Zahra Hosseini 3
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
3 Lecturer, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of ascorbic acid (AsA) on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Pelargonium graveolens under iron (Fe) deficiency stress, a pot experiment was carried out. Three levels of Fe (0, 20 and 40 µM) and three levels of AsA (0, 1 and 2 mM) were combined factorially based on a completely randomized design with six replications. Uniform rooted cutting were planted in sand and grown hydroponically. After plant establishment, Fe and AsA treatments were applied through half-Hoagland nutrient solution. Results showed that as Fe in nutrient solution decreased, growth characters i.e. plant height, stem diameter, number and length of axillary shoots and leaf area decreased. Moreover, as Fe in nutrient solution decreased, leaf fresh and dry weight, stem fresh and dry weight, decreased, while, oil content increased. Growth responses to AsA was different in plants grown in nutrient solution with 0 µM Fe compared with those in plants grown in nutrient solution containing 20 µM Fe. Daily application of AsA (especially with 1 mM concentration in nutrient solution) increased biomass and oil content. Oil yield, Chlorophylls and carotenoids contents decreased with decreasing Fe, while, AsA increased them under Fe deficiency. Overall, AsA could improve growth and yield of geranium under 20 μM Fe nutrition, however, it was less effective at 0 μM Fe.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Essential oil
  • plant nutrition
  • Soilless culture

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 فروردین 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 19 اردیبهشت 1395
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 خرداد 1395

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