تأثیر کاربرد سطوح مختلف نیترات کلسیم بر برخی صفات مورفو-فیزیولوژیک و تغذیه‌ای گوجه‌فرنگی (Solanum lycopersicu Mill)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع دانشگاه تهران، کرج

2 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع دانشگاه تهران، کرج

3 استاد، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع دانشگاه تهران، کرج

4 مدیرعامل شرکت سپاهان رویش، اصفهان

چکیده

این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی و ارزیابی تأثیر سطوح مختلف نیترات کلسیم بر پاسخ­های تغذیه­ای و صفات رشدی گیاه گوجه‌فرنگی رقم ویوا و در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی انجام شد. تیمارها شامل T0: شاهد (بدون کاربرد کود شیمیایی)،T1 : توصیۀ کاربرد خاکی نیترات کلسیم 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار از هنگام نخستین هفتۀ تشکیل میوه به مدت 8 هفته و درمجموع 400 کیلوگرم، T2: کاربرد نیترات کلسیم بنابر نتایج آزمون خاک‎ و نیاز گیاهان گوجه‌فرنگی، 40 کیلوگرم در هکتار از هنگام نخستین هفتۀ تشکیل میوه به مدت هشت هفته و درمجموع 320 کیلوگرم و T3: کاربرد خاکی همسان تیمار پیشین به همراه محلول­پاشی نیترات کلسیم با غلظت 5‎ در هزار. نتایج نشان ‎داد، در میوۀ گوجه­فرنگی بین تیمارهای مورد بررسی ازنظر جذب نیتروژن، فسفر، کلسیم، منیزیم، مادۀ خشک، ویتامین ث، نیترات، جذب پتاسیم و سفتی میوه تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود داشت (05/0P<). بیشترین عملکرد، میزان جذب نیتروژن و کلسیم مربوط به تیمار T1 و به­ترتیب با افزایش 45، 85 و 65 درصدی نسبت به شاهد گزارش شد. ازنظر نیتروژن ‎کل، جذب پتاسیم، منیزیم و اسیدیتۀ بین تیمارهای T1، T2 و T3 اختلاف معنی‎داری مشاهده نشد. با توجه به تأثیر معنی‎دار تیمار T1 بر جذب بهتر کلسیم و نیتروژن نسبت به دیگر تیمارها، ضرورت دارد در مرحلۀ داشت میزان 400 کیلوگرم ‎در ‎هکتار نیترات کلسیم (بسته به شرایط اقتصادی) استفاده شود تا بهترین عملکرد، کیفیت و جذب عنصرهای غذایی به دست آید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of different levels of Calcium nitrate on some Morpho-physiological and nutritional traits of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Babak Motesharezadeh 1
  • Meysam Zarbizadeh 2
  • Gholam reza Savaghebi 3
  • Mojtaba Delshad 1
  • Mohsen Hosseyni 2
  • Farzaneh Bekhradi 4
1 Associate Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Former M. Sc. Student, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Managing Director of Sepahan Roish Co., Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was arranged in a completely randomized block design to investigate effects of four levels of calcium nitrate on the nutrition responses and growth characteristics of tomato plants. Treatments includedT0: control; T1: recommendations of calcium nitrate by Yara International (Soil application), 50 kg/ha for 8 weeks since the first week of fruit set and a total of 400 kg/ha; T2: calcium nitrate consumption based on soil test results and the requirements of tomatoes: 40 kg/ha in the first week of fruit set and a total of 320 kg/ha; and T3: the same as the previous treatment plus foliar application of calcium nitrate at 0.5%. Results showed that there were significant differences between tomato fruits regarding uptakes of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, dry matter, vitamin C, nitrate, potassium, and fruit firmness (P<0.05). The maximum values for uptakes of calcium, nitrogen and yield were obtained following T1 treatment (65, 85, and 45% higher than the control value, respectively). Regarding total nitrogen, potassium, and magnesium uptakes, and pH, there were no significant differences between T1, T2, and T3. Accordingly, 400 kg/ha (T1) calcium nitrate is recommended to obtain the best fruit yield and quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Balanced nutrition
  • Calcium
  • Fertilizer recommendation
  • quality and quantity characteristics
  • yield

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 01 مهر 1392
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 04 تیر 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 07 تیر 1396

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