ارزیابی برخی از جنبه‌های ریخت‌شناختی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی طالبی تو سبز ساوه‌ای در واکنش به پیوند و رژیم‌های آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکدۀ علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان

2 استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکدۀ علوم کشاورزی دانشگاه گیلان

3 استادیار، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج

4 دانشیار آبیاری و زهکشی، مؤسسۀ تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی کرج

چکیده

در این بررسی، طالبی تو سبز ساوه‌ای پیوندشده روی فرو-آر-ذ (Ferro-RZ)، شینتوزا (Shintozwa)، همراه با گیاهان طالبی خود پیوندی و طالبی غیر پیوندی با سه رژیم آبیاری شامل 100 درصد (شاهد)، 80 درصد و 60 درصد (بر پایۀ تخلیۀ رطوبتی آسان خاک) که به‌ترتیب 21/5792، 20/4815 و 60/3867 مترمکعب آب در هکتار به مدت 84 روز پس از انتقال نشاء، به‌صورت آزمایش صحرایی با طرح آماری کرت‌های خردشده در قالب بلوک کامل تصادفی در کرج اجرا شد. تجزیۀ واریانس مربوط به فنول کل و کل مواد جامد محلول میوه نشان داد که تفاوت معنی‌داری بین پایه‌های مورد آزمایش وجود ندارد. بیشترین (07/68 درصد) و کمترین (09/59 درصد) شاخص آماس یاخته‌ای برگ به ترتیب در طالبی تو سبز ساوه‌ای پیوندی با پایۀ تجاری کدوی شینتوزا و طالبی خود پیوندی مشاهده شد. همچنین با کاهش حجم آبیاری ظرفیت پاداکسندگی (آنتی‌اکسیدانی) میوه افزایش یافت، درحالی‌که تفاوت معنی‌داری از نظر میزان ویتامین ث میوه‌ها وجود نداشت. همچنین تفاوت معنی‌داری در کارایی نظام نوری 2 (فتوسیستم II) بین پایه‌های کدو و گیاهان شاهد (غیر پیوندی و خود پیوندی) وجود داشت. مقایسۀ میانگین‌ها نشان داد که بیشترین (22/31 تن در هکتار) و کمترین (85/23 تن در هکتار) عملکرد کل در هکتار به ترتیب به گیاهان پیوندی با پایۀ شینتوزا و گیاهان خود پیوندی اختصاص داشت. بررسی محتوای عنصرهای کانی برگ گیاهان نشان داد که درصد افزایش نیتروژن کل برگ در ترکیب پیوندی طالبی تو سبز ساوه‌ای روی پایه‌های دورگۀ (هیبریدی) فرو و طالبی تو سبز ساوه‌ای روی شینتوزا در مقایسه با شاهد (طالبی تو سبز ساوه‌ای غیر پیوندی) به ترتیب 14/18 و 02/19 درصد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of some characteristics of morphological, physiological and biochemical of musckmelon (Cucumis melo L. ″Tosabze Saveh″, landrace) in response to grafting and irrigation levels

نویسندگان [English]

  • Dariush Ramezan 1
  • Moazzam Hassanpour Asil 2
  • Reza Salehi 3
  • Hossein Dehghanisanij 4
1 Former Ph.D.Student, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
4 Associate Professor of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AERI) Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this study musckmelon landrace of ‘Tosabze Saveh’ was grafted on rootstocks that including ̔Ferro-RZ̕ and ̔Shintozwa̕, also own-rooted and ungrafted plants with three irrigation levels of 100, 80 and 60 percent (based on readily available water depletion) that water were used 5792.21, 4815.20, 3867.60 m3 ha-1 respectively for 84 days after transplanting under field experiment as split plots based on randomized complete block design was carried out in 2014 in Karaj. The analysis of variance of fruit phenol and total soluble solids were demonstrated that there was no significant difference between the rootstocks. The heighest (68.07 percent) and the lowest (59.09 percent) leaf relative water content, were found in ‘Tosabze Saveh’ grafted on ̔Shintozwa̕ and self-grafted respectively. The results showed that with increasing water stress the antioxidant capacity of fruits increased while not significant differences of the amount of vitamin C fruits there. Also it is significant difference in regarding to efficiency of photosystem II was found between the cucurbita rootstocks and control plants. The means comparisons showed that heighest (31.22 ton. ha-1) and the lowest (23.85 ton ha-1) total yield per hectare was recorded in plants that grafted onto ̔Shintozwa̕ and own-rooted respectively. Assessment the contents of mineral elements of leaves showed that the increasing percentage of total nitrogen in melon ̔Tosabze Saveh̕ grafted onto ̔Ferro-RZ̕ and ̔Shintozwa̕ in compared to control (non-grafted) were 18.14 and 19.022 percent respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Commercial rootstocks of cucurbita
  • mineral elements
  • Water use efficiency
  • yield

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 13 تیر 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 03 شهریور 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 مهر 1394

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