بهره‏گیری از ورمی‏کمپوست و کوددهی پاییزه برای بهبود ویژگی‏های کیفی توتفرنگی رقم کاماروسا (Fragaria×ananassa Duch. cv. Camarosa) در کشت بدون خاک

بیدکی, سمیرا; چالوی, ویدا; پیردشتی, همت اله

doi:10.22059/ijhs.2014.52868

بهره‏گیری از ورمی‏کمپوست و کوددهی پاییزه برای بهبود ویژگی‏های کیفی توتفرنگی رقم کاماروسا (Fragaria×ananassa Duch. cv. Camarosa) در کشت بدون خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

² استادیار دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

³ دانشیار دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، پژوهشکدة ژنتیک و زیست‏فناوری کشاورزی طبرستان

10.22059/ijhs.2014.52868

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر ورمی‏کمپوست و کوددهی پاییزه در کشت بدون خاک بر ویژگی‏های کیفی توت‏فرنگی رقم کاماروسا آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر‌پایة طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 5 تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل 4 زمان کوددهی شیمیایی (به کار نبردن کود، کوددهی پاییزه، بهاره و بهاره‏‌+ ‏پاییزه)، 3 سطح ورمی‏کمپوست (10، 20 و 40 درصد حجمی)، 3 سطح کود دامی (10، 20 و 40 درصد حجمی) و بستر شاهد (50 درصد پیت:50 درصد پرلیت) بودند. تعداد گلدان‏های استفاده‌شده در آزمایش 140 عدد بود. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان داد، بیشترین مواد جامد محلول ((TDS‌ به میزان 35/13 درصد و اسیدیتة قابل تیتراسیون ( (TA به میزان 54/8 درصد در بستر کشت حاوی 10 درصد کود دامی با کوددهی بهاره مشاهده شد. همچنین بیشترین سفتی میوه (43/0 کیلو‏گرم بر سانتی‏متر مربع) نیز در بستر کشت حاوی 10 درصد کود دامی همراه با کوددهی بهاره+ پاییزه مشاهده شد. ظرفیت آنتی‏اکسیدانی کل از طریق خاصیت خنثی‌کنندگی رادیکال آزاد DPPH ( 1و 1- دی‌فنیل 2- پیکریل هیدرازیل) تعیین شد. ظرفیت آنتی‏اکسیدانی کل در بستر 10‌ درصد ورمی‏کمپوست با کوددهی بهاره، 20 درصد کود دامی با کوددهی پاییزه و 40 درصد کود دامی و بدون کوددهی به‌ترتیب به میزان حدود 18/95، 34/95، 47/95 درصد افزایش یافت. بیشترین مقدار آنتوسیانین‏ها (84/18 میلی‏گرم بر لیتر) در بستر کشت حاوی 40 درصد ورمی‏کمپوست با کوددهی پاییزه تولید شد. یافته‏های این برررسی نشان می‏دهد که با انتخاب بستر کشت‏ و زمان کوددهی مناسب می‌توان صفات کیفی میوة توت‏فرنگی را بهبود بخشید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.2008482.1393.45.3.2.8

عنوان مقاله [English]

Using vermicompost and fall fertilization for improving quality characteristics of strawberry cv. Camarosa (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. cv. Camarosa) in soilless culture

نویسندگان [English]

Samira Bidaki ¹
Vida Chalavi ²
Hemmatollah Pirdashti ³

¹ Former Graduate Student, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

² Assistant Professors, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

³ Associate Professor, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Genetics and Agriculture Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan

چکیده [English]

The use of vermicompost and fall fertilization in soilless culture on strawberry cv. Camarosa quality characteristics was evaluated in a factorial based on completely randomized design pot experiment with 5 replicates. Experimental treatments were four chemical fertilization timings (no fertilizer, using fertilizer at fall, spring, fall + spring) and three levels of vermicompost (10, 20 and 40% v/v), three levels of cattle manure (10, 20 and 40% v/v) and control medium (50% peat: 50% perlite). The total number of pots in this experiment was 140. The results showed the highest total soluble solids (TDS), 13.35%, and titratable acidity, 8.54%, on growing medium containing 10% cattle manure with spring fertilization. Likewise, the highest fruit firmness (0.43 kg/cm2) was observed in growing medium containing 10% cattle manure with fall + spring fertilization. The total antioxidant activity was obtained using the DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). The total antioxidant capacity was increased in medium containing 10% vermicompost with spring fertilization, 20% cattle manure with fall fertilization and 40% cattle manure without fertilization (95.18, 95.34, and 95.47%), respectively. The highest anthocyanin (18.84 mg/l) was produced in growing medium containing 40% vermicompost with fall fertilization. It can be concluded that an appropriate choice of growing media and fertilization timing can alter different qualities of strawberry fruits according to production goal and type of consumption. The finding of present study showed that the selection of right growing media and fertilization timings could improve strawberry fruit quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

strawberry
vermicompost
fertilization timings
Manure
Soilless culture

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